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What are the best exercises for improving interval recognition?

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If you want to improve your vocal accuracy, you need to train your ear to recognize intervals, which are the distances between two notes. Intervals are the building blocks of melodies, harmonies, and chords, and they can help you sing in tune, sight-read, and improvise. In this article, you will learn some of the best exercises for improving interval recognition, and how to practice them effectively.

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1 Sing and name intervals

One of the simplest and most effective exercises for improving interval recognition is to sing and name intervals. You can use a keyboard, a tuner, or an app to play or generate intervals, and then try to sing them back and identify them by their names. For example, if you hear a C and a G, you can sing them back and say "perfect fifth". You can start with the basic intervals within an octave, such as major and minor seconds, thirds, sixths, and sevenths, as well as perfect fourths, fifths, and octaves. Then, you can move on to more complex intervals, such as augmented and diminished intervals, or intervals that span more than an octave.

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Isabelle Ganz

Performer/Teacher
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Associate a song you know well that begins with a certain interval, e.g. "Somewhere" from West Side Story for a minor 7th; "Here comes the bride" for a perfect 4th, etc.

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Horace Alexander Young

Career Touring and Recording Artist, Composer/Arranger and Music Educator
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I have my students in Music Theory and Music Fundamentals do this exact thing to learn and sonically memorize each interval generated in the one octave sequence.

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Jeanne Zaidel-Rudolph

Professor Emeritus Wits School of Arts
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Totally agree that singing the opening of a familiar melody helps to integrate the interval in the mind. I like "Maria" from West Side Story to identify the difficult interval of the Augmented 4th and for the Major 7th to sing "Bali High" from movie South Pacific, which drops to the major 7th from the octave.

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EdD. José Luis Hilario Herrera Castro

Profesor de tiempo completo UNAM en Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, plantel 2 “Erasmo Castellanos Quinto”
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El Conductus es uno de los mejores ejercicios para cantar intervalos, viene desde antes del canto Gregoriano, por lo que puede ser que las escuelas modernas de canto no lo conozcan.

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Nmesoma Ogbuani

Therapeutic Musician & Educator || MBA (Arts Innovation) I am an innovator - I make extraordinary lemonades from 'life's lemons' irrespective of the species and space.
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From experience, I have observed that it is easier for most people especially beginners, to sing a tone (a step) than half a step (a semi-tone). So we try to identify whole steps, then half steps. Afterward, we work with the alphabet (keys) and try working through those steps and merging them mentally. We would use or associate songs for every interval to solidify the understanding.

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2 Use solfège or numbers

Another way to improve your interval recognition is to use solfège or numbers to label the notes of a scale or a melody. Solfège is a system of syllables that correspond to the degrees of a scale, such as do, re, mi, fa, sol, la, and ti. Numbers are simply the numerical values of the scale degrees, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. By using solfège or numbers, you can associate the sound of an interval with its position in a scale, and learn to recognize it in different keys and contexts. For example, if you hear a do and a sol, you can say "perfect fifth" or "1-5", and if you hear a re and a fa, you can say "minor third" or "2-4".

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Andrea Gerák
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Solfège (solmization) is so simple that this is what I learned first when I was a child & this is what I use still today. It is an essential part of the Kodály Concept. No matter your vocal range, the key you sing or play in, everyone will recognize this childrens song instantly: do do sol sol la la sol fa fa mi mi re re do (repeat) sol sol fa fa mi mi re sol sol fa fa mi mi re (repeat 1st line) I don't know the lyrics of this Beethoven piece, but can do this anytime, even if half asleep, which I learned in school 40+ years ago: mi mi fa sol sol fa mi re do do re mi mi re re (repeat) re do do re re mi do re mi fa mi do re mi fa mi re do re sol, (repeat 2nd line) Which songs are these? ??

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EdD. José Luis Hilario Herrera Castro

Profesor de tiempo completo UNAM en Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, plantel 2 “Erasmo Castellanos Quinto”
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Lo mejor es el solfeo, hay técnicas como Kodály, Dalcrose, Martenot, Orff, entre otros pedagogos que crearon sus propias metodologías para el solfeo, todas son válidas, hay que utilizar la que más te acomoda.

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Gabriel D'Amaro

Músico, Instrutor Vocal, Produtor Musical e Coordenador Musical
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O uso de números para representar os graus da escala é uma ótima maneira de memorizar o som daquela nota, a partir desta compreens?o, comece a explorar os intervalos, 1-3M, 1-3m, 1-5, 1-2, etc. Você irá perceber uma similaridade e criará uma memória auditiva que permitirá que você cante muito mais afinado. Junto a isso, é óbvio que deve ser trabalhado o solfejo, para reconhecimento silábico dessas notas. Lembre sempre que a figura escrita na partitura representa o som da nota e sua dura??o, e portanto, aprenda os dois sistemas, solfejo e numérico, mas use o que for mais eficiente para o seu aprendizado. Numa partitura de Canto, você terá palavras para ler debaixo das notas, por isso o importante é o som estar afinado.

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Ute Bries

360° SOUVER?N. Souffleuse für deine Bühnen. Mentale Gesundheit, energetische Komptenz, Sichtbar + Verkaufen mit Stimme, Auftreten, Wirkung. 1:1 Mentoring, Jahresgruppe, SpeakerAusbildung, Sparring.
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Solfege ist meine Wahl, einfach und so gut für Erwachsene und auch für Kinder sowieso. Leicht, spielerisch, einpr?gsam, so macht es Spa?.

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Leon Conrad

Story Structure Consultant, Storyteller & Writer. Creator of Story and Structure: A complete guide. Empowering writers with tips, tricks & techniques. linktr.ee/leonconradstory @leonconradstory
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Solfège is much easier in the continental system where notes are named 'do, re, mi' rather than the British system of 'C, D, E' - embodying the intervals and pushing the boundaries of tonal colouring (Iranian musicians divide the octave into 53 intervals) gradually develops and refines the person and affects the way they see life - more varied, more holistic, more harmonious.

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3 Listen and write intervals

A third exercise for improving interval recognition is to listen and write intervals. This is a form of dictation, where you try to transcribe the intervals that you hear using musical notation. You can use a staff paper, a notation software, or an app to write down the intervals that you hear, and then check your answers. This exercise can help you develop your musical literacy, as well as your auditory memory and analysis skills. You can start with simple intervals, such as those in a major or minor scale, and then progress to more challenging intervals, such as those in a chromatic or modal scale.

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Paulo Menegon

Professor Doutor em Canto Lírico e Estúdio ópera no Centro Universitário FMU|FIAMFAAM
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O papel da utiliza??o da nota??o musical na transcri??o dos intervalos aliada à uma sólida 'memória auditiva', permite a conscientiza??o do intervalo, e conduz a uma evolu??o tanto na inteligibilidade do intervalo, como na leitura de uma sequência melódica. Isso acarretará no futuro uma grande habilidade na leitura e consequente estudo de uma partitura.

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4 Sing intervals from a score

A fourth exercise for improving interval recognition is to sing intervals from a score. This is a form of sight-singing, where you try to sing the notes that you see on a musical sheet without hearing them first. You can use solfège or numbers to help you sing the intervals accurately, and you can also use a keyboard, a tuner, or an app to check your pitch. This exercise can help you improve your vocal range, tone, and expression, as well as your reading and interpretation skills. You can start with simple scores, such as those with one or two voices, and then advance to more complex scores, such as those with multiple voices, accidentals, or modulations.

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Nmesoma Ogbuani

Therapeutic Musician & Educator || MBA (Arts Innovation) I am an innovator - I make extraordinary lemonades from 'life's lemons' irrespective of the species and space.
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Singing intervals from a score is a very good way of learning and becoming better at sight-reading and singing. As a singer, I find it very useful during warm-ups to build the balance between the head and chest registers, especially undulating intervals.

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5 Play and sing intervals

A fifth exercise for improving interval recognition is to play and sing intervals. This is a form of ear training, where you try to match your voice with an instrument, such as a piano, a guitar, or a ukulele. You can play or generate intervals on your instrument, and then try to sing them back and identify them by their names. You can also do the reverse, where you sing an interval and then try to play it on your instrument. This exercise can help you improve your vocal and instrumental skills, as well as your coordination and timing. You can start with easy intervals, such as those within a major or minor triad, and then expand to more difficult intervals, such as those within a seventh or ninth chord.

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Miguel Morales Morales

Músico profesional
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Comparto esta misma opinión pero le agregaría visualizar en el piano y en una pizarra con pentagramas cada intervalo con su nota y nombre para fijarlo en la mente y auditivamente, también practicarlos todos los días lo mismo ascendentes como descendente.

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EdD. José Luis Hilario Herrera Castro

Profesor de tiempo completo UNAM en Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, plantel 2 “Erasmo Castellanos Quinto”
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Es una muy buena práctica y como coloquialmente se dice matas dos pájaros de un tiro. Recordemos que el piano tiene una afinación donde el bemol y el sostenido son enarmónicos o el mismo y por ejemplo los violinistas distinguen más los bemoles de los sostenidos.

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6 Use songs and mnemonics

A sixth exercise for improving interval recognition is to use songs and mnemonics to remember the sound of intervals. Songs are pieces of music that contain intervals that you can sing or hum along, and mnemonics are words or phrases that help you recall the names of intervals. For example, you can use the song "Somewhere Over the Rainbow" to remember the sound of an octave, and the mnemonic "Old Aunt Dinah" to remember the name of an augmented fourth. You can find many songs and mnemonics for different intervals online, or you can create your own. This exercise can help you make connections between intervals and familiar tunes, and make learning fun and easy.

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Paulo Menegon

Professor Doutor em Canto Lírico e Estúdio ópera no Centro Universitário FMU|FIAMFAAM
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Este é um dos métodos que mais me agrada utilizar no reconhecimento de intervalos, pois, ajuda n?o só nesta área técnica da teoria musical, como também estimula a criatividade artística e musical, num desenvolvimento maior de um cantor e instrumentista.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Menoosha Muziki

John 3:16 // Helping you find Vocal Freedom // Bringing Music & Joy to your events // Certified Vocal Trainer, Artist & Performer // TEDx Speaker // Empowerment Facilitator through Women4Knowledge e.V.
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Identifying what learning type your student is, will be crucial to your approach. The three great categories are: - visual - auditive - kinesthetic The visual learner will need to see graphic illustrations to sing. The auditive learner will go by ear and the kinesthetic learner will need to play an instrument. Adapting your teaching approach to learning profiles will ensure success.

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What are the best exercises for improving interval recognition?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Sing and name intervals

2 Use solfège or numbers

3 Listen and write intervals

4 Sing intervals from a score

5 Play and sing intervals

6 Use songs and mnemonics

7 Here’s what else to consider

Vocal Coaching

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What are the best exercises for improving interval recognition?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Sing and name intervals

2 Use solfège or numbers

3 Listen and write intervals

4 Sing intervals from a score

5 Play and sing intervals

6 Use songs and mnemonics

7 Here’s what else to consider

Vocal Coaching

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