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What is the best client-server architecture pattern for your application?

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Client-server architecture is a fundamental concept in computer engineering, where a software system consists of two or more components that communicate over a network. The client is the component that requests services from the server, which is the component that provides services to the client. There are many different ways to design and implement client-server architecture patterns, depending on the requirements and goals of your application. In this article, you will learn about some of the most common and popular client-server architecture patterns, their advantages and disadvantages, and how to choose the best one for your application.

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Dario Alves Junior

1 Monolithic architecture

In a monolithic architecture, the server is a single application that handles all the business logic, data access, and user interface. The client is usually a thin layer that only interacts with the server through a simple protocol, such as HTTP or TCP. This architecture is easy to develop, test, and deploy, as it does not require complex coordination or integration between multiple components. However, it also has some drawbacks, such as low scalability, high coupling, and difficulty in maintenance and evolution. A monolithic architecture is suitable for simple and stable applications that do not need to handle high traffic or complex functionality.

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Dario Alves Junior
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Attention points: - Limited scalability - Difficult to maintain, tends to grow disorganized - Startup and deployment time - Technological blockage, difficult to incorporate new technologies

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2 Layered architecture

In a layered architecture, the server is divided into multiple layers that perform different functions, such as presentation, business, and data. Each layer communicates only with the adjacent layers, following the principle of separation of concerns. The client can be either thin or thick, depending on how much logic and data it handles. This architecture allows for better modularity, reusability, and testability, as each layer can be developed and maintained independently. However, it also introduces some challenges, such as performance overhead, network latency, and dependency management. A layered architecture is suitable for medium and large applications that need to support multiple platforms and technologies.

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3 Microservices architecture

In a microservices architecture, the server is composed of many small and independent services that each perform a specific function. The services communicate with each other through lightweight protocols, such as REST or gRPC. The client can be either thin or thick, depending on how much logic and data it consumes from the services. This architecture enables high scalability, availability, and resilience, as each service can be deployed and scaled independently. However, it also requires more complexity, coordination, and monitoring, as there are many moving parts and potential failures. A microservices architecture is suitable for complex and dynamic applications that need to handle high traffic and frequent changes.

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Dario Alves Junior
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While offering numerous advantages, microservices architecture comes with significant challenges. Key considerations include intricate communication networks between services, managing distributed data, and coordinating business logic among microservices. Deploy, version control, and monitoring systems are crucial. Security and operational cost management are paramount, as is fostering an organizational culture that supports autonomy and collaboration among teams. Despite these hurdles, many organizations recognize the benefits of flexibility, scalability, and rapid deployment that come with adopting microservices architecture. However, proactive addressing of these concerns is essential to ensure a successful transition to microservices.

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4 Event-driven architecture

In an event-driven architecture, the server is composed of multiple components that react to events that occur in the system. The events are messages that carry data and context about a change of state or an action. The components communicate with each other through an event bus or a message broker, such as Kafka or RabbitMQ. The client can be either thin or thick, depending on how much logic and data it produces or consumes from the events. This architecture allows for high decoupling, responsiveness, and scalability, as each component can be triggered and executed asynchronously. However, it also poses some difficulties, such as event consistency, ordering, and tracking. An event-driven architecture is suitable for asynchronous and distributed applications that need to handle high volumes and varieties of data.

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Dario Alves Junior
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(EDA) offers numerous advantages in modern software development. It allows systems to respond dynamically to real-time events, enabling agility, scalability, and responsiveness. EDA decouples components, promoting modularity and flexibility in designing systems. This architecture supports asynchronous communication, minimizing dependencies and allowing components to evolve independently. With EDA, systems can handle bursts of activity efficiently, scaling resources as needed. It also enhances fault tolerance by isolating failures and enabling graceful degradation. EDA facilitates integration with external systems, enabling seamless interactions and interoperability.

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5 Peer-to-peer architecture

In a peer-to-peer architecture, there is no distinction between the client and the server, as each component can act as both. The components communicate with each other directly, without relying on a central authority or intermediary. The client can be either thin or thick, depending on how much logic and data it shares or receives from other components. This architecture enables high fault-tolerance, resilience, and efficiency, as each component can leverage the resources and capabilities of other components. However, it also introduces some challenges, such as security, privacy, and discovery. A peer-to-peer architecture is suitable for decentralized and collaborative applications that need to operate in dynamic and heterogeneous environments.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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What is the best client-server architecture pattern for your application?

1

2

3

4

5

6

1 Monolithic architecture

2 Layered architecture

3 Microservices architecture

4 Event-driven architecture

5 Peer-to-peer architecture

6 Here’s what else to consider

Computer Engineering

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What is the best client-server architecture pattern for your application?

1

2

3

4

5

6

1 Monolithic architecture

2 Layered architecture

3 Microservices architecture

4 Event-driven architecture

5 Peer-to-peer architecture

6 Here’s what else to consider

Computer Engineering

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