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How does your role as an observer affect the group being studied?

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In business management, understanding the dynamics of group behavior is crucial. However, the role you play as an observer can significantly influence the group being studied. It's essential to recognize that your presence can alter the natural interactions within the group. Whether you're conducting a focus group, overseeing a team project, or evaluating employee performance, the Hawthorne effect—a phenomenon where individuals modify their behavior in response to their awareness of being observed—can come into play. This can lead to skewed data and misinterpretations of the group's typical dynamics, making it a challenge to obtain accurate insights.

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Jean David Polo Vargas PhD.

Docente-Investigador || Organizaciones y Trabajo || Consultor en Desarrollo Organizacional || Bienestar

1 Observer Effect

The observer effect refers to changes in a group's behavior caused by the awareness that they are being watched. When you observe a team within a business context, members may alter their performance, either consciously or subconsciously. They might work harder, communicate more effectively, or even suppress their usual behavior to present themselves in a more favorable light. This can make it difficult to capture an authentic snapshot of the group's dynamics and may lead to decisions or changes that don't align with their typical work patterns.

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Jean David Polo Vargas PhD.

Docente-Investigador || Organizaciones y Trabajo || Consultor en Desarrollo Organizacional || Bienestar
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Esta perspectiva, también conocida como el efecto hawthorne, la he observado cuando hacemos consultorías y, al principio, las cosas cambian demasiado rápido; por lo que algunos empresarios piensan que las cosas se pueden cambiar en meses. Pues ?Craso error! cuando escuchamos y motivamos con metas claras, ajustadas a expectativas reales, nos encontramos que el grupo funciona mejor. En la misma idea, participar con las personas baja mucho el estrés. Yo suelo irme a trabajar con las personas, comer lo que ellos comen y acompa?ar los turnos para comprender su proceso.

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2 Minimizing Impact

To minimize your impact as an observer, it's important to employ strategies that reduce the group's awareness of your observation. One effective method is to use unobtrusive measures, such as analyzing existing data or employing indirect observation techniques where your presence is less noticeable. Additionally, building rapport with the group can help them feel more at ease, which may reduce the extent to which they alter their behavior. Over time, as the group becomes accustomed to your presence, the observer effect may diminish.

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Jean David Polo Vargas PhD.

Docente-Investigador || Organizaciones y Trabajo || Consultor en Desarrollo Organizacional || Bienestar
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Algo que me ha sido útil es, como escribí antes, ponerme a trabajar con las personas e interaccionar con ellas de manera auténtica, sin mascaras o esquemas preconcebidos, utilizo una perspectiva hermenéutica que me ayuda en el proceso. También validar con las personas, en ocasiones pensamos que tenemos claro el asunto, pero cuando dialogamos somos capaces de co-construir las realidades, además de las oportunidades de solución. Me ha servido mucho identificar a los líderes naturales, establecer vínculos con ellos abordando los intereses. En algún caso fue el mismo sindicato que me dio la principal causa del problema.

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3 Ethical Considerations

Ethical considerations are paramount when observing groups in a business environment. You must respect the privacy and confidentiality of group members and ensure that they are informed about the purpose and scope of your observation. It's also crucial to be transparent about how the information gathered will be used. This fosters trust and reduces the likelihood of members feeling manipulated or coerced, which in turn can influence their behavior and affect the validity of your observations.

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Jean David Polo Vargas PhD.

Docente-Investigador || Organizaciones y Trabajo || Consultor en Desarrollo Organizacional || Bienestar
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Aquí hay que trabajar con honestidad, tener clara la declaración de Oslo y los lineamientos de los códigos deontológicos, por ejemplo: los instrumentos son propiedad de las personas, evita enga?ar, protege los datos y presenta informes generales, NO sobre personas. Yo siempre les muestro a las personas con quienes trabajé lo que voy a decir en el informe final, antes de pasarlo a la alta gerencia y, así como válido el proceso, muestro a los trabajadores lo que la investigación arrojó. Una última cosa ?Utiliza material actualizado y validado! No más esos modelos de los a?os 50.

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4 Long-Term Observation

Engaging in long-term observation can help mitigate the observer effect. As group members become more familiar with your presence, their behavior tends to return to a more natural state, providing you with a truer representation of their interactions and performance. This approach requires patience and time, but it's invaluable for understanding the intricacies of group dynamics and for making informed management decisions based on more reliable data.

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5 Feedback Loops

Creating feedback loops is an effective way to understand how your role as an observer influences a group. By openly discussing observations with group members, you can gain insights into how they perceive your presence and its impact on their behavior. This dialogue can lead to adjustments in your observation methods and help establish a more authentic environment for data collection. Feedback loops also empower group members by involving them in the observation process, which can diminish the observer effect.

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6 Reflective Practices

Reflective practices involve critically analyzing your own influence as an observer and seeking ways to minimize it. By maintaining a reflective journal or engaging in regular self-assessment, you can identify patterns in how your presence affects the group and adjust your approach accordingly. This continuous process of reflection and adaptation is essential for reducing bias and improving the accuracy of your observations, ultimately leading to better management decisions.

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Jean David Polo Vargas PhD.

Docente-Investigador || Organizaciones y Trabajo || Consultor en Desarrollo Organizacional || Bienestar
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Cuando realizo análisis cualitativos de los procesos que hago, una de las prácticas que mejor me ha servido es identificar los prejuicios y estigmas que tengo para reducir la contaminación. También la triangulación, confrontar con otros colegas, nos permite construir un proceso donde se reducen los sesgos.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How does your role as an observer affect the group being studied?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Observer Effect

2 Minimizing Impact

3 Ethical Considerations

4 Long-Term Observation

5 Feedback Loops

6 Reflective Practices

7 Here’s what else to consider

Business Management

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How does your role as an observer affect the group being studied?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Observer Effect

2 Minimizing Impact

3 Ethical Considerations

4 Long-Term Observation

5 Feedback Loops

6 Reflective Practices

7 Here’s what else to consider

Business Management

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