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How do you use Toulmin's model to persuade your boss to approve your project proposal?

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You have a great idea for a project that could benefit your team, your customers, and your company. But how do you convince your boss to give you the green light? One way to craft a persuasive proposal is to use Toulmin's model of argumentation, a framework that helps you structure your reasoning and evidence in a clear and logical way. In this article, we'll explain what Toulmin's model is and how you can apply it to your project proposal.

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Alexandra B.

Privacy | Program Mgmt | Biophilic Design

1 What is Toulmin's model?

Toulmin's model is a tool for analyzing and constructing arguments, developed by the philosopher Stephen Toulmin. It consists of six elements: claim, data, warrant, backing, qualifier, and rebuttal. A claim is the main point you want to make, such as "We should implement project X". Data is the evidence or facts that support your claim, such as "Project X will increase customer satisfaction and retention". A warrant is the link or assumption that connects your data to your claim, such as "Customer satisfaction and retention are important for our business goals". A backing is the additional information or authority that strengthens your warrant, such as "According to a recent survey, customers value project X features". A qualifier is the word or phrase that indicates the degree of certainty or scope of your claim, such as "probably", "in most cases", or "for our target segment". A rebuttal is the counter-argument or exception that acknowledges the limitations or objections to your claim, such as "Unless there are unforeseen technical or budgetary issues".

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2 Why use Toulmin's model?

Toulmin's model can help you improve your internal and external communications by making your arguments more persuasive, credible, and respectful. By using the model, you can demonstrate that you have done your research and have solid evidence for your claim. Furthermore, you can show that you have considered different perspectives and scenarios, as well as acknowledge potential challenges or questions. Acknowledging your audience's concerns and values can help to establish trust and rapport. Additionally, you can avoid fallacies or flaws in your reasoning that could weaken your argument or damage your reputation. Finally, you can adapt your argument to different situations and contexts by adjusting your qualifiers and rebuttals.

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3 How to use Toulmin's model?

To use Toulmin's model for your project proposal, you need to identify your claim first and then gather evidence to support it. Explain the warrant by connecting the data to the claim using logic or authority. Provide backing to reinforce the warrant and add a qualifier to express your level of certainty. Lastly, address any possible objections or counter-arguments to your claim.

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Alexandra B.

Privacy | Program Mgmt | Biophilic Design
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While Toulmin's model emphasizes evidence-based reasoning, it's not enough to simply present a list of facts and data. To make a persuasive argument, you also need to connect the evidence to the larger point you're trying to make, and explain why the evidence supports that point. In other words, you need to make a clear and compelling case for why your argument matters and why your audience should care.

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4 Example of Toulmin's model

To illustrate how Toulmin's model works, let's look at an example of a project proposal using this framework. Suppose you want to propose a new online training program for your team, and this is your claim: We should enroll in the new online training program offered by ABC Company. To support and qualify the claim, there is data that the program covers the latest skills and trends in our industry, as well as flexible and interactive learning options. The warrant is that it will enhance our team's performance and professional development. Backing for this comes from a study by DEF Institute, as well as ABC Company being a reputable and accredited provider. In most cases, enrollment should be considered; however, if the cost or time commitment is prohibitive or incompatible with our current workload and schedule, then it should not be done.

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5 Tips for using Toulmin's model

To use Toulmin's model effectively for your project proposal, it's important to be clear and concise with simple and direct language. Additionally, you should use relevant and credible data and sources that are properly cited. Lastly, you should show respect and openness to other opinions and perspectives by acknowledging the strengths and weaknesses of your argument. Be sure to avoid jargon, ambiguity, outdated information, or dismissing valid counter-arguments. Invite feedback and dialogue to create an open discussion.

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Alexandra B.

Privacy | Program Mgmt | Biophilic Design
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Be honest about limitations: Acknowledge any limitations or weaknesses in your argument. By being honest and transparent, you'll be able to build credibility and trust with your audience.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Alexandra B.

Privacy | Program Mgmt | Biophilic Design
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One thing to consider is that Toulmin's model can be used not just for constructing arguments, but also for analyzing existing arguments. By breaking down an argument into its component parts - such as the claim, evidence, and warrant - you can better understand how the argument is constructed and identify any strengths or weaknesses. Another thing to consider is that while Toulmin's model is a useful framework, it's not the only way to construct or analyze arguments. There are other frameworks and models that can be used, such as the classical model or the Rogerian model. It's important to choose the framework that best suits your needs and the context in which you're making your argument.

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How do you use Toulmin's model to persuade your boss to approve your project proposal?

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1 What is Toulmin's model?

2 Why use Toulmin's model?

3 How to use Toulmin's model?

4 Example of Toulmin's model

5 Tips for using Toulmin's model

6 Here’s what else to consider

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