Last updated on
2024年7月19日
How do you use the Bloom's taxonomy to design learning outcomes and assessment criteria for your training?
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The Bloom's taxonomy is a model that was developed by a group of educational psychologists in the 1950s, led by Benjamin Bloom. It consists of six levels of learning, from lower-order to higher-order, that represent the cognitive processes involved in acquiring and applying knowledge. The six levels are: remember, understand, apply, analyze, evaluate, and create. Each level requires more complex and abstract thinking than the previous one, and builds on the skills and knowledge acquired at the lower levels.
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To use Bloom's Taxonomy to design learning outcomes and assessment criteria for your training, start by identifying the desired cognitive levels you want to address, such as remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, and creating. For each level, craft specific learning outcomes that clearly state what the learners should be able to achieve. Design assessment criteria that align with these outcomes, ensuring they measure the corresponding cognitive skills. For example, use multiple-choice questions for remembering, case studies for analyzing, and projects for creating.
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A fun mnemonic I use to easily remember these levels of Bloom's taxonomy is: R.U.A.A.E.C., that's Bloom's taxonomy. ?? It works for me and has allowed me to more easily move to the sixth level, "create" whenever I'm building learning experiences at work.
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Bloom's Taxonomy provides a simple framework that separates lower-order thinking skills (LOTS) and higher-order thinking skills (HOTS). It provides a clear framework for how learning happens and the level of mastery of certain topics. Using the revised taxonomy provides a simple way to set expectations among the instructional designer and the participants. And it provides a good guideline for evaluations of the training after the session ended by using the taxonomy verbs.
By utilizing Bloom's taxonomy for training design, you can define clear and specific learning outcomes that describe what learners should be able to do or demonstrate after the training. Furthermore, you can choose appropriate assessment methods and criteria to measure the achievement of the learning outcomes and the level of learning. Additionally, you can design learning activities and materials that support the development of cognitive skills and knowledge required for each level of learning. Lastly, you can align your training objectives, outcomes, assessment, and activities with the needs and expectations of your learners and stakeholders.
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Some example of using Bloom's taxonomy is training to define specific learning objectives are: Remember how to tie your shoes. Understanding why tying your shoes is important. Practicing tying your shoes (Apply) Analyzing what happens if you don't tie your shoes properly. Evaluating others tying their shoes and coaching them on tactics to get better. And finally Creating an entirely new one to tie your shoes based on what you know.
To use the Bloom's taxonomy for learning outcomes, you need to identify the level of learning that matches your training objective and the cognitive skills and knowledge you want your learners to develop. Then, use verbs that correspond to the level of learning and describe the observable and measurable behavior or performance you expect from your learners. To ensure your learning outcomes are SMART (specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound), you can use the following example. If your training objective is to teach learners how to use a new software, you might have learning outcomes such as remembering the basic functions and features of the software (Remember level), understanding how to navigate the software interface and access different tools (Understand level), applying the software to perform common tasks and solve problems (Apply level), analyzing the results and feedback generated by the software (Analyze level), evaluating the effectiveness and efficiency of the software for different purposes and contexts (Evaluate level), and creating new solutions or products using the software (Create level).
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Bloom's Taxonomy can help create definable and actionable learning outcomes for training. Outcomes need to be definable to best evaluate participant learning against the training design, and actionable so that learners can demonstrate understanding. Start with a phrase that encompasses the concept, like completing a form. Then, use the taxonomy to select a level that matches the desired depth of learning to be achieved, such as application. Next, pick a verb that reflects what the learner should be able to do after your activity, such as "prepare". Finally, form your learning outcome: "By the end of this training, managers will be able to... prepare an accurate employee on-boarding form for submission to the department assistant."
To use the Bloom's taxonomy for assessment criteria, you need to choose assessment methods that match the level of learning and the learning outcomes you want to measure. This could include quizzes, tests, simulations, case studies, reports, essays, or presentations. Additionally, you should define assessment criteria that specify the standards and expectations for each learning outcome and level of learning. This could involve rubrics, checklists, or rating scales. Lastly, provide feedback and guidance that help learners improve their learning and performance at each level of learning. This could include formative and summative feedback, self-assessment, peer assessment, or coaching.
To use the Bloom's taxonomy for learning activities, you must design activities that match the desired level of learning and outcomes. This could include lectures, videos, readings, exercises, scenarios, projects, debates, critiques, and portfolios. Additionally, these activities should progress from lower-order to higher-order levels of learning and build on prior knowledge and skills. Lastly, you should facilitate active and collaborative learning that encourages exploration, sharing, comparing, and synthesizing ideas and experiences. By doing this, you can ensure your training meets objectives and learners' needs. Utilizing the Bloom's taxonomy can help create meaningful training that improves cognitive skills and knowledge.
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Consider Bloom's taxonomy a framework to creating the most effective learning experience possible. If your objectives, training and practice activities align with the level you want your learners to achieve you can rest assured that the training will be successful.
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