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How do you migrate data between SMB/CIFS and NFS on SAN?

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If you work with storage area networks (SANs), you may need to migrate data between different file-sharing protocols, such as SMB/CIFS and NFS. These protocols allow clients to access files stored on a SAN over a network, but they have different features, performance, and compatibility. In this article, you will learn how to migrate data between SMB/CIFS and NFS on SAN, and what factors to consider before and after the migration.

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Ian Marcroft

Unstructured Data Specialist, Modern Data Analytics, Enterprise Storage Sales Architect and Start-up Dude @ Vast Data
Vincent AVEZ

Administrateur réseau et systèmes chez Ministère de la Transition écologique et solidaire

1 Why migrate data?

There are many reasons why you may want to migrate data between SMB/CIFS and NFS on SAN. For example, you may want to consolidate your storage resources, optimize your network performance, improve your data security, or comply with new standards or regulations. Depending on your goals and requirements, you may choose to migrate some or all of your data from one protocol to another, or use a hybrid approach that supports both protocols.

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Ian Marcroft

Unstructured Data Specialist, Modern Data Analytics, Enterprise Storage Sales Architect and Start-up Dude @ Vast Data
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Why migrate when you can use modern global file system technologies, like Hammerspace. they link disparate storage systems under a software orchestration umbrella. policies allow tiering

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Vincent AVEZ

Administrateur réseau et systèmes chez Ministère de la Transition écologique et solidaire
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Beware, it's not only about the protocol. SMB/CIFS and NFS is NAS, Network Attached Storage. A volume on a server/storage array is formatted and then presented over the IP network via an access protocol: CIFS for windows or NFS for Linux.

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Vincent AVEZ

Administrateur réseau et systèmes chez Ministère de la Transition écologique et solidaire
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SAN is Storage Area Network and the protocol is Fiber Channel (we have SAN on Copper Ethernet called iSCSI but it's similar). When a volume is presented on FC, the client see it as a disk, as if it is in the PC/Server enclosure. This disk has to be formatted. Then the capability of sharing this volume as NAS do it, is impossible unless the FileSystem is a capable One like GlusterFS or unless the client is sharing it under NFS/CIFS. So the migration NAS to SAN is a philosophy change not only a technology one.

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2 How to migrate data?

The process of migrating data between SMB/CIFS and NFS on SAN requires careful planning, preparation, execution, verification, and optimization. Depending on the SAN architecture, data volume, data type, and data access patterns, there are various tools and methods to choose from. For example, native commands such as robocopy for SMB/CIFS or rsync for NFS can be used to copy data. Third-party software such as RoboMirror or Syncrify can also be employed to copy data across protocols and platforms. Additionally, storage virtualization or abstraction layers such as VMware vSAN or Microsoft Storage Spaces Direct can present a unified view of the SAN storage and allow for seamless migration. Lastly, SAN replication or mirroring features such as SnapMirror or SnapVault can synchronize data between different SAN devices and protocols.

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Christopher Harrison, PhD

Chief Innovation Officer
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These migrations should be done in stages with an initial sync to copy the bulk of the data first. Then periodically send incremental syncs which only migrates the deltas or data changes. Make sure these migrations steps are done by a privileged user to maintain timestamps.

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3 What factors to consider?

Prior to migrating data between SMB/CIFS and NFS on SAN, you should consider a few factors that may influence the migration outcome, including compatibility, performance, security, and backup and recovery. Compatibility should be checked to make sure your SAN devices, clients, and applications support both protocols and can handle any discrepancies in file attributes, permissions, locking, naming, or encoding. Additionally, performance should be measured and compared for both protocols on your SAN network to consider bandwidth, latency, throughput, and IOPS. Security should also be taken into account to ensure data is protected during and after the migration with encryption, authentication, authorization, and auditing mechanisms. Lastly, a backup and recovery plan should be in place for any data loss or corruption during the migration; testing the backup and recovery procedures before and after the migration is recommended.

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Christopher Harrison, PhD

Chief Innovation Officer
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áreas that are missing here are mainly sizing and capacity growth. Migration to a similar sized system my not be great if you are expecting large growth. Similarly, it is wasteful to but the extra capacity when it can be added later for likely a lot cheaper.

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4 How to optimize data?

After you migrate data between SMB/CIFS and NFS on SAN, you should optimize your data to ensure it meets your expectations and requirements. This includes deduplication to remove any duplicate or redundant data, compression of any data that can be reduced in size without affecting its quality or integrity, tiering to classify data based on usage frequency, importance, or value, and archiving to move rarely accessed or needed data to a lower-cost or offline storage medium such as tape or cloud.

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Christopher Harrison, PhD

Chief Innovation Officer
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File compression is also an option. Tiering is typically an expensive option especially when needing the data rapidly but not frequently. Also a backend filesystem supporting zfs which tracks deltas can be a wonderful options. ZFS provides a caching tier and a stable tier as part of the implementation.

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5 How to monitor data?

To ensure your data is functioning properly and efficiently after migrating it between SMB/CIFS and NFS on SAN, you should monitor it. This includes checking the status and health of your SAN devices, network connections, and protocols, measuring and analyzing performance and utilization, detecting and resolving any errors or anomalies in your data or protocols, and updating and maintaining your SAN configuration, firmware, software, and security settings.

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Christopher Harrison, PhD

Chief Innovation Officer
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External venders offer monitoring which helps to reduce concerns. for example Great Lakes San offers a complete ZFS monitoring solution which can be integrated into any ZFS system. They also provide a backup/DR option which makes it compelling add on.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How do you migrate data between SMB/CIFS and NFS on SAN?

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1 Why migrate data?

2 How to migrate data?

3 What factors to consider?

4 How to optimize data?

5 How to monitor data?

6 Here’s what else to consider

Storage Area Network (SAN)

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