How do you create engaging puzzles for adventure games?

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Adventure games are a popular genre of video games that focus on story, exploration, and problem-solving. Puzzles are one of the main elements of adventure games, as they challenge the player's logic, creativity, and attention to detail. But how do you design puzzles that are fun, fair, and fit the theme and tone of your game? Here are some tips and examples to help you create engaging puzzles for adventure games.

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1 Know your audience

Before you start designing puzzles, you need to know who your target audience is and what kind of experience they are looking for. Different players have different preferences, skills, and expectations when it comes to puzzles. Some may enjoy abstract, logic-based puzzles, while others may prefer more realistic, context-based puzzles. Some may want a high level of difficulty and challenge, while others may want a more casual and relaxing experience. You should tailor your puzzles to suit your audience's tastes and abilities, and provide feedback, hints, and options to help them overcome frustration and confusion.

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Vishwajeet Kale

Product Management @ Epic Games | Product Strategy
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Absolutely agree with tailoring your puzzles based on the abilities of your players base. Especially during the onboarding/FTUE phase, where players are still learning about your game and understanding your mechanics. It’s very important to pace out your content and difficultly curve initially for players to find your puzzles challenging yet fun to play. Once your players are hooked, it’s a good balance of challenge and excitement to keep the engaged.

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Maurício Piccini

Programador com Doutorado em Literatura
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Por exemplo, em um jogo de aventura e fuga, você pode apresentar aos novos jogadores quebra-cabe?as simples de inventário, ensinando-os gradualmente a combinar objetos e a prestar aten??o ao ambiente. à medida que progridem, os quebra-cabe?as podem envolver elementos narrativos, como decifrar códigos usando pistas da história do jogo, aumentando o desafio e entrela?ando a jogabilidade com a narrativa.

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2 Define your goals

Another important step in designing puzzles is to define your goals and purposes for each puzzle. What do you want the puzzle to achieve in terms of gameplay, story, and emotion? How does the puzzle relate to the overall plot, theme, and tone of your game? How does the puzzle fit into the game world and logic? How does the puzzle advance the player's progress and reward their efforts? You should have a clear vision of what you want the puzzle to accomplish and communicate, and avoid adding puzzles that are irrelevant, inconsistent, or arbitrary.

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Yasintha Supun

Senior Game Developer | Unity, Oculus Quest, AR/VR
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The primary goal of a puzzle is often to enhance gameplay by providing a challenge that is both stimulating and enjoyable. Whether it's testing the player's problem-solving skills or introducing a unique mechanic, the puzzle should seamlessly integrate into the gaming experience.

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Maurício Piccini

Programador com Doutorado em Literatura
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Por exemplo, em um jogo de aventura e fuga, um baú trancado com um mecanismo complexo pode servir como um obstáculo instigante. A solu??o, desvendada através da combina??o de pistas e itens coletados, n?o apenas concede acesso ao conteúdo do baú, mas também revela uma passagem secreta crucial para a progress?o da narrativa, recompensando a inteligência do jogador e aprofundando o mistério do jogo.

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3 Balance challenge and fun

One of the most difficult aspects of designing puzzles is to balance challenge and fun. You want your puzzles to be challenging enough to stimulate the player's interest and satisfaction, but not so hard that they become frustrating and tedious. You also want your puzzles to be fun and enjoyable, but not so easy that they become boring and trivial. To achieve this balance, you should consider several factors, such as the difficulty curve, the learning curve, the variety, the feedback, the logic, the fairness, and the creativity of your puzzles. You should also test your puzzles with different players and get their feedback and suggestions.

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Vishwajeet Kale

Product Management @ Epic Games | Product Strategy
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You typically have data that’ll inform you how different players interacted with your puzzles. Especially completion rate across different puzzle #s. Skill levels will vary between your players, hence it is important to dynamically tune/balance your puzzles where with each refresh of the levels. Cannot stress on how much each level should always focus on fun. If it’s not fun, your players aren’t going to stick around and come back the next day. The longer they stay in the game, higher the chance of conversion and being invested.

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Maurício Piccini

Programador com Doutorado em Literatura
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Por exemplo, em um jogo de plataforma, você pode introduzir um novo elemento de gameplay na forma de um pulo duplo. Inicialmente, o jogador pode usar esse pulo em um ambiente controlado e com um desafio mínimo, como atravessar pequenas lacunas. Conforme o jogador progride, o pulo duplo pode ser necessário para vencer obstáculos mais complexos, como plataformas móveis, precipícios ou até mesmo inimigos, adicionando camadas de desafio ao mesmo tempo em que permite ao jogador dominar a mecanica de uma forma divertida e recompensadora.

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4 Use examples and inspiration

A great way to design puzzles is to use examples and inspiration from other games, media, or real life. You can learn from the best practices and mistakes of other puzzle designers, and see how they use different techniques and mechanics to create engaging puzzles. You can also adapt, modify, or combine existing puzzles to create new ones, or use real-life situations, objects, or phenomena as the basis for your puzzles. However, you should also be original and avoid copying or plagiarizing other puzzles, and make sure your puzzles match your game's style and identity.

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Noah Falstein

Game Designer - Neurogaming, Games for Health, VR/AR, Storytelling, x-Chief Game Designer at Google
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A very useful tool for creating Adventure Game puzzles is the Puzzle Dependency Chart invented by Ron Gilbert. One can find his postings on it easily with a search. A common mistake of novice designers is to write a narrative about what the player does rather than diagram the steps they need to take solve the puzzle. In a narrative design the player alway somehow luckily has a flash of insight to solve a puzzle. When you diagram the sequence, you can often see why the answer isn't going to be obvious, or why it is important to present the player with a goal to reach BEFORE you let them find the solution to reach it.

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Maurício Piccini

Programador com Doutorado em Literatura
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A dica de Noah Falstein sobre usar o Puzzle Dependency Chart é ouro puro! Para visualizar melhor seu impacto, imagine um jogo de aventura onde o jogador precisa abrir um baú trancado. Sem o gráfico: O jogador encontra a chave por acaso durante a explora??o, sem um objetivo claro. A solu??o parece aleatória e pouco recompensadora. Com o gráfico: O jogo primeiro apresenta o baú trancado, despertando a curiosidade do jogador. O gráfico ent?o guia o level design para apresentar pistas e desafios que levam à descoberta da chave de forma lógica e recompensadora. Perceba como o gráfico transforma um evento aleatório em uma cadeia de eventos interconectados, tornando a resolu??o do puzzle mais satisfatória e menos frustrante para o jogador.

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5 Make it meaningful

Finally, you should make your puzzles meaningful and memorable for your players. You should make your puzzles relevant to the story, the characters, the themes, and the emotions of your game. You should make your puzzles immersive and interactive, and use sound, graphics, animation, and dialogue to enhance the atmosphere and mood of your game. You should make your puzzles diverse and surprising, and use twists, humor, or drama to keep the player's attention and curiosity. And you should make your puzzles rewarding and satisfying, and use feedback, rewards, or consequences to acknowledge the player's achievements and choices.

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Jane Tan

Narrative Designer | World Builder | Environment Artist
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I think it's crucial to indicate whether puzzles are abstract or exist in a fictional/non-fictional world. Too often, I've come across puzzles, particularly in escape rooms, that incorporate a narrative but then abandon all narrative logic when it comes to the puzzle itself. I don't believe that every puzzle game needs to have a story, and I'm not suggesting that we shouldn't incorporate a narrative into a puzzle game (eg. Angry Birds), but it's essential to make it clear to the player to avoid frustration from searching for solutions in the wrong places.

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How do you create engaging puzzles for adventure games?

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1 Know your audience

2 Define your goals

3 Balance challenge and fun

4 Use examples and inspiration

5 Make it meaningful

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