How do you create custom shapes and icons using the pen tool and the pathfinder tool?

1 Choose a reference image

The first step is to choose a reference image that you want to recreate as a custom shape or icon. You can use any image that has a clear and simple outline, such as a logo, a symbol, or a letter. You can also sketch your own design on paper and scan it or take a photo of it. Import your reference image into Illustrator and place it on a locked layer.

2 Draw the outline with the pen tool

The second step is to draw the outline of your shape or icon with the pen tool. The pen tool allows you to create paths by clicking and dragging to create anchor points and control handles. You can adjust the curvature and direction of each segment by manipulating the control handles. To draw a straight segment, click once without dragging. To draw a curved segment, click and drag in the direction of the curve. To close a path, click on the first anchor point or press Ctrl+J.

3 Edit the path with the direct selection tool

The third step is to edit the path with the direct selection tool. The direct selection tool allows you to select and modify individual anchor points and control handles. You can use the direct selection tool to refine the shape and smooth out any bumps or irregularities in the path. To select an anchor point, click on it. To select multiple anchor points, drag a marquee around them or hold Shift and click on them. To move an anchor point, drag it or use the arrow keys. To adjust a control handle, drag it or use the convert anchor point tool.

4 Divide the path with the scissors tool

The fourth step is to divide the path with the scissors tool. The scissors tool allows you to cut a path at any anchor point or along any segment. You can use the scissors tool to split your shape or icon into smaller parts if you want to apply different colors or effects to them. To use the scissors tool, select the path and click on an anchor point or a segment where you want to cut it. You can then select and move the cut parts separately.

6 Add color and style

The final step is to add color and style to your custom shape or icon. You can use the fill and stroke options to apply color, gradient, or pattern to your shape or icon. You can also use the appearance panel to add effects, such as drop shadow, glow, or 3D. You can also use the transform panel to resize, rotate, or flip your shape or icon. You can also group your paths or convert them to compound paths for easier editing.