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How can you use a Sankey diagram for transportation planning?

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Sankey diagrams are a type of flow diagram that show the magnitude and direction of flows between nodes, such as energy, material, or information. They are often used to visualize complex systems and processes, such as transportation networks, where different modes, routes, and destinations are involved. In this article, you will learn how to use a Sankey diagram for transportation planning, and what benefits and challenges it can offer.

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Mehdi Azhdarbin

Transportation Logistics Executive Manager at BAT Pars

1 What is a Sankey diagram?

A Sankey diagram consists of two main elements: nodes and links. Nodes represent sources, sinks, or intermediate points of a flow, such as origin, destination, or mode of travel. Links represent the flows themselves, and their width is proportional to the amount or intensity of the flow. For example, a Sankey diagram of a transportation network can show how many people travel from one zone to another by different modes, such as car, bus, bike, or walk.

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Mehdi Azhdarbin

Transportation Logistics Executive Manager at BAT Pars
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A Sankey diagram can be useful in transportation planning to visualize the flow of resources, such as goods or people, through different transportation modes or routes. It helps in understanding the distribution and efficiency of the transportation system. By representing inputs and outputs in a clear and proportional way, decision-makers can identify bottlenecks, optimize routes, and improve overall efficiency.

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Tahseen Saad Alshaikhli

Ph.D, Doctor of Philosophy at Sel?uk University ? Project Supervisor Manager ? Engineering Consultancy ? Lecturer ? Coordinator ? Academic Researcher #pavementdesign #ITS_iraq #asphaltPavingTechnology #urbanTransit
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Sankey diagram is found to be the best illustrative tool used for transportation planning. It expand the designer perspective visually, and makes it easier to predict the possible demand among the case study zones. Node and links relationship can easily be seen on the diagram to make the O-D matrix. Furthermore, resources are intuitively identified with reduction in expanses. Transportation modes are classified visually such as buses, walk, and passenger car as they represent the movement of people.

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Chinmay Prabhakar

Impact | Green Transition | Change Management | Infrastructure Governance | DPI | PFM | LKYSPP | NUS | CEPT | VNIT | NLU
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A Sankey diagram can be effectively used in transportation planning by: 1. Visualizing Modal Splits: Illustrate the distribution of travel modes (car, bus, bike, walk) used between various origins and destinations. 2. Identifying Major Flows: Highlight the most significant travel patterns and volumes to prioritize infrastructure investments. 3. Assessing Connectivity: Analyze the connectivity and efficiency of different transport modes across the network. 4. Pinpointing Congestion Points: Identify areas with high flow volumes that may require capacity upgrades or operational improvements. 5. Enhancing Multimodal Integration: Show how different modes connect, identifying opportunities for improving intermodal transfers.

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2 Why use a Sankey diagram for transportation planning?

A Sankey diagram is a useful tool for understanding the structure and patterns of a transportation system, as well as identifying potential areas for improvement or intervention. By using a Sankey diagram, you can compare mode share and travel demand between different zones, regions, or scenarios. Additionally, it can help you analyze the efficiency and sustainability of a transportation system in terms of energy use, emissions, or costs. Furthermore, you can use it to communicate the impact and trade-offs of different transportation policies or strategies to stakeholders and decision-makers. Finally, it can help you explore the relationships and interactions between different components of a transportation system, such as land use, infrastructure, or behavior.

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3 How to create a Sankey diagram for transportation planning?

Creating a Sankey diagram for transportation planning requires different tools and methods, depending on your data sources, objectives, and preferences. To begin, you should define the scope and level of detail of your Sankey diagram, such as the time period, geographic area, and flow categories. Then, collect and process the data needed for calculating the flows between nodes, such as travel surveys, traffic counts, or network models. After that, you can select a software or platform to generate and visualize a Sankey diagram, such as Excel, R, Python, or online tools like SankeyMATIC or RAWGraphs. Finally, customize the appearance and layout of your Sankey diagram by changing colors, labels, scales, or sorting of the nodes and links.

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Tahseen Saad Alshaikhli

Ph.D, Doctor of Philosophy at Sel?uk University ? Project Supervisor Manager ? Engineering Consultancy ? Lecturer ? Coordinator ? Academic Researcher #pavementdesign #ITS_iraq #asphaltPavingTechnology #urbanTransit
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Once the data sources are identified, the objectives are set, and preference trajectories are clear for a certain geographical location, we go a step forward to use the suitable devices for data collection needed to meet the scope. We can also use ipolog software the tool for data visualisation. This software ca be used for many purposes such as logistics planning, assembly planning and material supply.

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4 What are the benefits of a Sankey diagram for transportation planning?

A Sankey diagram can offer several advantages for transportation planning, such as providing an overview of a system and its flows, revealing the distribution and balance of flows between nodes, comparing and contrasting different scenarios or alternatives, and communicating complex data in a simple and engaging way. It can also highlight any gaps, bottlenecks, or inefficiencies, as well as help facilitate discussion and feedback.

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5 What are the challenges of a Sankey diagram for transportation planning?

Creating a Sankey diagram for transportation planning can be difficult due to the data requirements, the choice of software or platform, and the design and formatting of the diagram. Obtaining and organizing data may be difficult if it is incomplete, inconsistent, or outdated. Choosing the right software or platform can be tricky if the data is large, dynamic, or diverse. Designing a diagram that is clear, accurate, and aesthetically pleasing can be challenging if it is complex, cluttered, or overlapping. Lastly, interpreting and using a Sankey diagram without considering its limitations, assumptions, and uncertainties can be misleading.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Shrinivas Rao Arragunta

Assistant General Manager Transportation Engineering at BEST Undertaking
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Sankey diagrams are useful in transportation planning to visually represent the flow of resources, energy, or materials within a system. Here's how you can use a Sankey diagram for transportation planning: 1. **Mode Split Analysis:** 2. **Energy Consumption:** 3. **Emissions Tracking:** 4. **Freight Flow:** 5. **Origin-Destination Analysis:** 6. **Infrastructure Utilization:** In essence, a Sankey diagram provides a comprehensive visual representation of the transportation system, facilitating informed decision-making and strategic planning for more efficient, sustainable, and resilient transportation networks.

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How can you use a Sankey diagram for transportation planning?

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1 What is a Sankey diagram?

2 Why use a Sankey diagram for transportation planning?

3 How to create a Sankey diagram for transportation planning?

4 What are the benefits of a Sankey diagram for transportation planning?

5 What are the challenges of a Sankey diagram for transportation planning?

6 Here’s what else to consider

Transportation Planning

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How can you use a Sankey diagram for transportation planning?

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1 What is a Sankey diagram?

2 Why use a Sankey diagram for transportation planning?

3 How to create a Sankey diagram for transportation planning?

4 What are the benefits of a Sankey diagram for transportation planning?

5 What are the challenges of a Sankey diagram for transportation planning?

6 Here’s what else to consider

Transportation Planning

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