How can you protect your crops from extreme weather?

Some zones in the field almost never produce, those zones could not be turned into productive zones even when applying precision agriculture technologies. It may be wise to convent those consistently non productive zones into natural habitats that would provide shelter to native biodiversity of animals and insects. Choise of crops and varieties should account for agronomic traits as drought tolerance, disease resistance or high competitive ability depending on specific threats posed in particular environment. Ofcourse, we can't predict the future, but at least we can prepare for adverse weather events using environmental data proven methodologies that worked in environments with similar risks.

Careful selection of crops is very important in extreme weather condition areas. Historically, in most of the draught-prone areas of India (states including Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka) millets were being grown as major staples. However, with the availability of water after rural electrification in India, people started growing wheat, which required more water. Now, again after excessive withdrawal of ground water has led to scarce availability of water and people are switching back to millets. It is wise to choose your crops as per the region that can resist drought. similarly, crops that can survive water logging, should be preferred in flood prone areas.

Cover crops provide shade and can help moderate soil temperatures, protecting crops from excessive heat or cold, depending on the season.

Get to know regenerative agriculture and it's aspects. By the term regenarative we mean reduced or no-tillage, crop rotation, no synthetic chemicals, rotational grazing etc

Adopting water-efficient irrigation in dry areas is a good measure to survival. Alongwith efficient irrigation methods, selection of crops that require less water and drought resistant orchard crops, that provide good green coverage and need less water should be planted for better yield.

These are excellent suggestions, the challenge is that a large majority of farmers are unable to afford infrastructure to incorporate these adaptations. Where are the hydroponics technologies for crops with(larger) stronger tap root systems since hydroponics systems utilizes far less water.

CEA (controlled environment agriculture) provides us numerous benefits. It allows us to produce more food per square meter than in conventional way, it protects us from extreme weather and it gives us total control of plant protection by applying biological control methods.

Before establishing any kind of cultivation, farmers must have clues for the geochoric data of the area. The main solution about all kind of extreme weather scenarios are sensors. Meteorological stations must be placed near crops in order to inform farmers for upcomming emergencies. In all cases human health comes first.