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How can you prevent software vulnerabilities with secure coding practices?

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Software vulnerabilities are flaws or weaknesses in the design, implementation, or operation of software that can be exploited by attackers to compromise the security or functionality of the system. They can result in data breaches, unauthorized access, denial of service, or even remote code execution. To prevent software vulnerabilities, you need to adopt secure coding practices that follow the principles of security by design, security by default, and security in depth. In this article, you will learn how to apply these principles and some common secure coding techniques to reduce the risk of software vulnerabilities.

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1 Security by design

Security by design means that you consider the security implications of your software from the very beginning of the development process, not as an afterthought or a patch. You should identify the potential threats, vulnerabilities, and risks that your software may face, and define the security requirements, objectives, and standards that your software must meet. You should also use secure design patterns, such as the principle of least privilege, the principle of fail-safe defaults, and the principle of defense in depth, to ensure that your software has a robust and resilient architecture that can withstand attacks.

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Ubaiadullah Kamal Basha

Assistant Vice President (IT Infrastructure & Security)
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Once, we forgot to make our app secure from the start, hackers found weaknesses, and it tore us apart. Now we prioritize security from the very beginning, keeping our software safe, our users grinning.

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Omid Arbab

CITP | MBCS | Dynamic Entrepreneur and Technologist
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At OA Solutions, "Security by Design" is central to our approach in crafting AI, cybersecurity, and cloud solutions for the dynamic markets of Dubai and London. We embed security at the start, use comprehensive threat modeling to anticipate challenges, set clear security standards, and adhere to secure design principles such as least privilege and defense in depth. This proactive stance ensures our technologies are not only innovative but inherently secure, reflecting our commitment to excellence in the tech industry.

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Tom Hathcoat

Chief Information Officer | CISO | Security Advisor | CCISO, CISSP, CISM, HCISPP, CEH, ITIL
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It has to begin with culture and standards. We need to make sure that everyone involved in SDLC understands that security by design is a requirement and the way we operate. We will hold each other accountable. If we only encourage creativity and functionality without insisting on security, there will be a greater occurrence of vulnerabilities in product/project output.

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Daniel Scherer

Diretor de TI
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Desenvolvimento seguro deveria ser muito mais básico do que é atualmente. Uso muito um exemplo que uma mesma tela de cadastro pode levar 10 minutos ou 10 dias para ser desenvolvida. Com ansiedade e velocidade no negócio, algumas cosias ficam no caminho, mas entre elas n?o deveria ficar a seguran?a. Atualmente existem solu??es, que avaliam a codifica??o, mas refazer é muito mais caro do que fazer direito a primeira vez. E sim, é mais chato. E talvez esse seja o principal problema. E qual a solu??o? Entendo que cada empresa que tem desenvolvimento precisa ter uma biblioteca e regras bem claras do básico da seguran?a. Ser rígido enquanto isso e n?o permitir exce??es. A dificuldade é que sendo tudo para ontem, falta o tempo para isso.

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Djalma Godois

Analista de Infraestrutura | Seguran?a | Projetos | Cloud | Especialista | ??LinkedIn Top Voice | MXM
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Tem que come?ar com a cultura e os padr?es. Precisamos garantir que todos os envolvidos no SDLC entendam que a seguran?a por design é um requisito e a maneira como operamos. Vamos responsabilizar-nos uns aos outros. Se apenas incentivarmos a criatividade e a funcionalidade sem insistir na seguran?a, haverá uma maior ocorrência de vulnerabilidades na saída do produto/projeto.

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2 Security by default

Security by default means that you configure your software to have the most secure settings and options by default, and that you minimize the exposure of your software to the external environment. You should avoid using hard-coded credentials, insecure protocols, or unnecessary features that may introduce vulnerabilities. You should also enable encryption, authentication, authorization, and logging by default, and disable or restrict any services, ports, or functions that are not essential for your software's operation. You should also update your software regularly to fix any known vulnerabilities and apply the latest security patches.

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Tom Hathcoat

Chief Information Officer | CISO | Security Advisor | CCISO, CISSP, CISM, HCISPP, CEH, ITIL
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Establish standards and have static and dynamic scanning tools (SAST, DAST) ready to scan after each phase of development. Selecting code from secure repositories and ensuring appropriate hardening must be required and QCd.

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Ubaiadullah Kamal Basha

Assistant Vice President (IT Infrastructure & Security)
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Security by default ensures your software starts off safe, avoiding pitfalls like hardcoded secrets or open gates. Enable encryption, authentication, and logging straight away, regular updates keep vulnerabilities at bay.

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Djalma Godois

Analista de Infraestrutura | Seguran?a | Projetos | Cloud | Especialista | ??LinkedIn Top Voice | MXM
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A seguran?a por padr?o garante que seu software comece seguro, evitando armadilhas como segredos codificados ou port?es abertos. Habilite a criptografia, a autentica??o e o registro em log imediatamente, as atualiza??es regulares mantêm as vulnerabilidades à distancia.

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3 Security in depth

Security in depth means that you apply multiple layers of security controls and measures to protect your software from different angles and levels. You should not rely on a single security mechanism or assumption, but rather use a combination of preventive, detective, and corrective controls to deter, detect, and respond to attacks. You should also use different types of security tools and technologies, such as firewalls, antivirus software, intrusion detection systems, code analyzers, and penetration testers, to scan, monitor, and test your software for vulnerabilities and anomalies.

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Ubaiadullah Kamal Basha

Assistant Vice President (IT Infrastructure & Security)
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Security in depth layers defenses, not just one but many, prevent, detect, and correct, don't leave any, firewalls, antivirus and more, in a fortified blend, with constant scanning and testing, vulnerabilities we fend.

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Djalma Godois

Analista de Infraestrutura | Seguran?a | Projetos | Cloud | Especialista | ??LinkedIn Top Voice | MXM
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Seguran?a em camadas de profundidade defesas, n?o apenas uma, mas muitas, prevenir, detectar e corrigir, n?o deixar nenhuma, firewalls, antivírus e muito mais, em uma mistura fortificada, Com varreduras e testes constantes, as vulnerabilidades nós nos defendemos.

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4 Secure coding techniques

Secure coding techniques are specific methods or practices that can be used to write secure code that follows security principles and standards. For example, input validation should be done to validate and sanitize any input the software receives from the user or other sources, and reject any that is invalid, malformed, or malicious. Output encoding should also be done to encode and escape any output the software sends to the user or other destinations, and avoid displaying any sensitive or confidential information. Error handling should be done to handle any errors or exceptions gracefully and securely, and avoid exposing any internal details or stack traces. Cryptography should be used to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity of data and communications with strong encryption algorithms and keys. Lastly, code review should be done regularly and systematically to check for errors, bugs, or vulnerabilities that may have been overlooked or introduced during the development process. This can also be done with peer review, code analysis tools, and code quality metrics to improve readability, maintainability, and security of the code.

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Ubaiadullah Kamal Basha

Assistant Vice President (IT Infrastructure & Security)
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Secure coding techniques software design, validating inputs, encoding outputs, errors gracefully align. Cryptography safeguards data, its confidentiality and truth, regular code reviews, a collaborative sleuth.

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Djalma Godois

Analista de Infraestrutura | Seguran?a | Projetos | Cloud | Especialista | ??LinkedIn Top Voice | MXM
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Projeto de software de técnicas de codifica??o seguras, valida??o de entradas, saída de codifica??o, alinhamento de erros graciosamente. A criptografia protege os dados, sua confidencialidade e verdade, revis?es regulares de código, um detetive colaborativo.

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5 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Ubaiadullah Kamal Basha

Assistant Vice President (IT Infrastructure & Security)
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Least privilege grants only necessary access, stay updated on threats for your software's best stance. Cultivate a security culture, everyone in the dance, from dev to managers, in every circumstance.

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Djalma Godois

Analista de Infraestrutura | Seguran?a | Projetos | Cloud | Especialista | ??LinkedIn Top Voice | MXM
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O privilégio mínimo concede apenas o acesso necessário, Mantenha-se atualizado sobre amea?as para obter a melhor postura do seu software. Cultive uma cultura de seguran?a, todos na dan?a, de dev a gerentes, em todas as circunstancias.

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How can you prevent software vulnerabilities with secure coding practices?

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4

5

1 Security by design

2 Security by default

3 Security in depth

4 Secure coding techniques

5 Here’s what else to consider

IT Management

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How can you prevent software vulnerabilities with secure coding practices?

1

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1 Security by design

2 Security by default

3 Security in depth

4 Secure coding techniques

5 Here’s what else to consider

IT Management

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