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Last updated on 2024年6月6日

How can you optimize your 3D models for smoother animation?

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Creating smooth animations starts with optimizing your 3D models. This process involves reducing complexity while maintaining the essential details that give your models character and realism. When you optimize correctly, you not only make the animation process more efficient but also ensure that your models can be animated without unnecessary hiccups or lag. Whether you're working on a high-end production or a personal project, the following tips will guide you in refining your 3D models for seamless animation.

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Alexandre Alin

→ Co-Founder at Renart Studios/3D Character Generalist
Danish Akmal

3D Modeler,Game Designer,Product Designer,Graphic Designer, Fiverr , Upwork
Eugéne Visser

Art Director | Motion Designer | Digital Marketing Manager

1 Poly Count

Reducing the number of polygons in your 3D model, commonly referred to as the poly count, is crucial for smoother animation. High poly counts can slow down rendering times and make real-time manipulation cumbersome. By using techniques such as retopology, where you create a new mesh with fewer polygons that overlays the high-detail model, you can significantly lower the poly count without sacrificing too much detail. This makes the model less demanding on hardware during animation.

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Alexandre Alin

→ Co-Founder at Renart Studios/3D Character Generalist
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In production, we usually create a low-poly model optimized for an animation workflow with low FPS. Once the animation is completed, we transfer it to a high-poly rigged model, ready to pass on to the next step, depending on the pipeline.

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Danish Akmal

3D Modeler,Game Designer,Product Designer,Graphic Designer, Fiverr , Upwork
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Simplify the Geometry: Reduce Polygon Count: Keep the polygon count as low as possible while maintaining necessary details. Use tools like decimation or retopology to simplify high-poly models. Use LOD (Level of Detail): Implement different versions of the model with varying levels of detail. Switch to lower-detail models when the object is farther from the camera. Use Proper Topology: Edge Flow: Ensure the topology of the model follows the natural lines of deformation. Proper edge flow helps in creating smooth bends and reduces distortion during animation. Optimize Shaders: Use shaders that are optimized for performance. Avoid using complex shaders unless necessary and make sure they are well-optimized.

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Eugéne Visser

Art Director | Motion Designer | Digital Marketing Manager
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In Maya and other 3d software, you can optimize your models by reducing their polygon count using the "Decimate" tool. This tool allows you to reduce the number of polygons in your model while preserving its overall shape and appearance. To use the Decimate tool, select your model and go to the "Polygons" menu, then "Decimate". From there, you can adjust the settings to achieve the desired level of detail reduction. You can also use other tools like "Edge Collapse" and "Edge Split" to simplify complex geometry and remove unnecessary edges.

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2 Textures & Maps

Textures and maps are powerful tools that can add detail to a model without increasing geometry. By baking high-resolution details into texture maps, you can impart complexity to a model's surface while keeping the underlying geometry simple. This approach allows for smoother animation because the renderer doesn't have to process excessive geometric data. Utilize normal maps for small to medium details and displacement maps for larger, more significant features.

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Eugéne Visser

Art Director | Motion Designer | Digital Marketing Manager
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Another way to optimize your models in Maya is by using normal maps. Normal maps allow you to add detailed texture information to your model without increasing its polygon count. To create a normal map in Maya, you can use the "Texture" tool to create a new texture and then use the "Normal Map" filter to generate the normal map. You can then apply this normal map to your model using the "Texture" node. Finally, you can also use caching and pre-computation in Maya to optimize your models for animation. Caching allows you to store pre-computed animation data in memory, which can reduce rendering time and improve overall performance. To use caching in Maya, you can go to the "Window" menu and select "Cache" or use the "Physics Cache" tool.

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3 Rigging Efficiency

Rigging, the process of adding bones and controls to a model for animation, must be done efficiently. Avoid adding unnecessary bones that could complicate the rig and slow down animation. Instead, focus on a rig that provides the necessary range of motion with as few bones as possible. Use constraints and parenting to achieve complex movements with a streamlined rig setup, leading to smoother animations and easier control for the animator.

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4 Weight Painting

Weight painting is a technique used to define how different parts of the mesh move in relation to the bones in the rig. Proper weight painting is essential for smooth deformations during animation. Pay close attention to areas where joints bend and ensure that the weights transition smoothly from one bone influence to another. This prevents unnatural mesh deformations that can be distracting and difficult to animate.

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5 Animation Loops

For certain animations, especially those that are meant to loop like walking or running, you can optimize your 3D models by ensuring the start and end frames match perfectly. This involves careful planning of the keyframes and movement arcs. By refining these loops, you prevent jarring transitions that disrupt the smoothness of the animation. Seamless loops contribute to a more polished final product.

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6 Scene Complexity

Finally, consider the overall complexity of the scene where your model will be animated. A cluttered scene with many high-poly models can tax the system and cause lag during animation playback. Simplify the environment as much as possible and use low-poly proxy models during the animation process. This allows you to focus on the movement of your main model without the distraction and performance hit of a complex scene.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Shahroz A.

Creative Manager | Creative Director | Marketer | CG Artist | Proven systems to delivering high quality content
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I recently worked on a project that had high poly models, botaniq assets and animations, and VDB simulations that I made in Ember Gen. The scene ended up being very slow to navigate and render. To solve that, I rendered everything in passes. Separate passes for background, mid ground, and foreground objects, depth pass to fake volumetrics and passes for particle systems and VDBs. Ended up getting the renders a bit quicker but gave me a lot control in the comp as well. Rendering in passes gives flexibility in post, uses resources efficiently, isolates errors, and optimises workflow while adding to quality. <3

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How can you optimize your 3D models for smoother animation?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Poly Count

2 Textures & Maps

3 Rigging Efficiency

4 Weight Painting

5 Animation Loops

6 Scene Complexity

7 Here’s what else to consider

3D Modeling

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How can you optimize your 3D models for smoother animation?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Poly Count

2 Textures & Maps

3 Rigging Efficiency

4 Weight Painting

5 Animation Loops

6 Scene Complexity

7 Here’s what else to consider

3D Modeling

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