How can you optimize pesticide use to prevent resistance?

A popular but extremely outmoded perspective on pest (e.g. insect, mite) resistance is that pests do not develop resistance to biological controls—this is incorrect. Behavioral and even physiological responses that minimize the success of biocontrols like pathogenic microbes or predators are frequently discussed in empirical literature and observed in field experiments. Biocontrols are not always available nor appropriate for a certain context, but they can be a potent tool when combined with other pesticide resistance breaking strategies like spot spraying or rotating between active ingredients. Knowing the physiological capabilities of a pest is key to understanding the likelihood and ease of resistance development.

The best way to avoid the development of resistance used be to ALTERNATE with other chemicals. However, given the ever tighter regulatory environment we now see growers ALTERNATE with #UVCropProtection.

Pesticide reduction is urgent, but this topic starts with a wrong assumption. Not only over-use of pesticides poses environmental and health risks. More and more research shows that a wide class of pesticides cause harm in low quantities, so forget the 'over' and look for ways to prevent use. Promote natural equilibrum and healthy soil to avoid pests. Use mechanical methods or UV if the balance is disturbed, use the most harmless chemicals if really needed and synthetic pesticides only as a very last resort. That's the core of IPM and the best remedy for health and environment and to prevent resistance.

IMHO, you can bypass this discussion completely if you just use biologic controls instead of chemical ones. Simple, effective, no toxins, or resistance.

On point! The transition cannot be made overnight. All of the studies have been done at UC Santa Cruz, UC Davis, and all of the other components of the CDFA and their relationship with the UC system. The agricultural industry has is decided. Petro monocropping is not sustainable. We are in transition. The wave of a magic wand is Fantasy. I/ We started with the indigenous medicinal cannibal, R&D Agriculture Ind. of Nor Cal and reformation of the organic produce industry. 1 trick ponies do not survive. In the Big Top of the Ago Tech Traveling OK Corral Merry Pranksters Hunter S T Gonzo Wild Bill Cody Annie Oakley Buffalo Bill PT Barnum Caravansary of the benevolent elephant MAMS. Leading the charge . A little spice was required 2 Respond

Crop scouting is an extremely important aspect of Integrated Pest Management, and is even more useful when the observational information can be recorded digitally for both ease of access and to see patterns in pest movement or development over short- and long-periods of time. The absence of regular preventative scouting creates biosecurity vulnerabilities, delaying decision making and subsequently, options. You must learn at the speed of pests or be defeated at the speed of pests.

Develop sound IPM programs primarily based on bio’s introduction and inundation at first report of pest or its damage symptoms. If need application of chemical pesticides than preference should be for biopesticides and last weapon is chemical pesticides.. If need arises for repeated application keep on rotating biopesticides and chemicLs..

Understanding of insect pest occurence vis a vis crop growth stages is very important. Certain pest occur on certain stage while other may be for longer period of time within the cropping cyle. If we can monitor pest occurence on which stage, we can optimize pesticide application and use. When crop damage is critical on that particular stage, a preventive approach on the control of the pest is important, considering the right dosage as well. Rotate insecticides with different mode of action when applying on specific windows within the cropping cycle.

Integrated Pest Management is a sustainable way to manage resistance development. Over a long period of time, a farmer may face challenge on pests, but knowing cultural, biological and physical management practices to lower the pest populations, this could greatly complement to chemical control methods. There are agronomic practices known to address pest injuries in the field, we need to leverage them to combine along with chemical control practice so that over reliance to pesticide can be managed.

Rotation of pesticide based on mode of action is important strategy for resistance management. It is a common error that farmers rotate via brand names or active ingredients which can lead to development of resistance and may also lead to cross resistance issues. Mode of action is the key. Farmers have to look for MoA labels on product labels and have this as their basis in developing alternate spray programs to manage specific pest. This principle works for both insecticide, fungicide and herbicides.

Do not mix or rotate pesticides. Use a stand alone pesticide product that insects cannot build a resistance or tolerance to its mode of action.

A major hindrance to safe pesticide innovation and usage is the reputation of agrochemicals generally particularly with non-farmers and well-meaning activists. However, pesticide options now run the gamut of botanical derivatives, sophisticated microbial biopesticides, and plant health promoting compounds that boost plant resistance through biopriming. Making this information commonly accessible is crucial to limiting harmful products in places where they still persist and contexts where new products are needed!

Stewardship campaign to educate farmerw on risk of resistance to various pesticides is important. Although resistance development may took many years to occur, it is just to educate farmers and stakeholders on responsible pesticide use and how interrelater factors work together to achieve durability in the ability of these product to work on specific target pest. Knowledge on the target pest, damage levels, occurence maps, dosage and timing of application, mode of action, and application technology should be reinforced during trainings.

Only use Bio-insecticides that are derived or copied from what nature created. These type of "low to no" negative environmental impacts are best for sustainability and long term viability.

Routine Efficacy Trials Performancer Over the years pesticide chemical manufactures have produces different molecules to counter different pests. The companies will in many cases perform the efficacy trials of the new molecules without being overseen by approved government agencies. To prevent weak molecules from being released to the market, government agencies need to conduct routine efficacy trials to accertain the true performance of the existing pesticide active ingredient so as to weed out chemicals whose efficacy is low to non-existent. This will reduce the over use and abuse of pesticide chemicals by farmers who lack the ability to discern the efficacy of pesticide.

Understanding of how resistance develops in an organism vs pesticide is an insightful experience. Resistance modelling is a valuable tool to predict how many years we could probably have a resistant organism. With this knowledge, we can develop programs and actions to delay further the timelines based on predictive modelling.

Para otimizar o uso de agrotóxicos e prevenir resistência, a engenharia química é vital. Desenvolvimento de formula??es com múltiplos ativos e modelagem termodinamica asseguram eficácia e estabilidade ambiental. Controle de processos automatizados ajusta aplica??es em tempo real. A síntese de novos compostos seletivos e sistemas de libera??o controlada reduzem aplica??es. Integra??o com biotecnologia promove culturas menos dependentes de pesticidas. Avalia??es de impacto ambiental garantem sustentabilidade, preservando a eficácia dos pesticidas a longo prazo.