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How can you maintain fire protection systems?

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Fire protection systems are essential for safeguarding buildings and occupants from the hazards of fire. However, these systems need regular maintenance to ensure their reliability and performance. In this article, we will discuss how you can maintain fire protection systems in the context of civil engineering, with a focus on building services risk assessment and mitigation.

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1 Types of fire protection systems

Fire protection systems can be classified into two main categories: active and passive. Active systems are those that require human intervention or activation, such as fire extinguishers, sprinklers, alarms, and emergency lighting. Passive systems are those that are built into the structure or design of the building, such as fire doors, fire walls, fire-resistant materials, and ventilation. Both types of systems have different maintenance requirements and standards.

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MOHAMED ANAS

QC INSPECTOR (NEOM Approved) | CIVIL ENGINEER | ISO 9001:2015 QMS | Aconex Professional | Lean Six Sigma Yellow Belt | PG Diploma in QS | Diploma in Quality Management | Diploma in Project Management | Primavera P6
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Fire suppression components should be lubricated, lines cleared of potential contaminates to prevent blockages, and valves exercised periodically in accordance with the manufacturer's recommended preventative maintenance plan.

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2 Maintenance of active systems

Active systems need regular inspection, testing, and servicing to ensure they are in good working order and comply with the relevant codes and regulations. For example, fire extinguishers should be checked monthly for damage, leakage, pressure, and expiration date, and replaced or refilled as needed. Sprinklers should be tested quarterly for water flow, pressure, and valve operation, and cleaned and repaired as needed. Alarms should be tested monthly for battery, sound, and signal, and replaced or repaired as needed. Emergency lighting should be tested monthly for functionality and brightness, and replaced or repaired as needed.

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3 Maintenance of passive systems

Passive systems need periodic inspection, assessment, and repair to ensure they are intact and effective. For example, fire doors should be inspected annually for damage, gaps, hinges, and latches, and repaired or replaced as needed. Fire walls should be inspected annually for cracks, holes, and penetrations, and sealed or repaired as needed. Fire-resistant materials should be inspected annually for deterioration, corrosion, and exposure, and replaced or repaired as needed. Ventilation should be inspected annually for blockage, dust, and debris, and cleaned or repaired as needed.

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Kehinde Omotayo (R.Eng) I Msc l MNSE I MEng I A.M.ASCE I GT FocusScholarX2

PhD student in Engineering and computational sciences | Research & Teaching Assistant at Tennessee State University
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Fire doors and exit routes can also be maintained by making sure they are cleared of obstructions, and by repairing any damage to doors and hardware instantly. Emergency Lighting and Exit Signs can be maintained by replacing bulbs and batteries as needed and cleaning units to ensure visibility. Fire Extinguishers can be maintained by conducting annual maintenance checks by a certified professional. This often includes a thorough examination and recharging if necessary. Replace extinguishers every 5-15 years, depending on the type.

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4 Maintenance records and documentation

Maintenance of fire protection systems should be documented and recorded to provide evidence of compliance and performance. Maintenance records should include the date, time, location, type, and result of each inspection, test, or service, as well as the name and qualification of the person who performed it. Maintenance documentation should include the specifications, manuals, certificates, and reports of each system, as well as the codes and regulations that apply to them. Maintenance records and documentation should be kept in a secure and accessible place for future reference and audit.

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Kehinde Omotayo (R.Eng) I Msc l MNSE I MEng I A.M.ASCE I GT FocusScholarX2

PhD student in Engineering and computational sciences | Research & Teaching Assistant at Tennessee State University
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In addition, it is imperative to keep detailed records of all inspections, tests, and maintenance activities. keeping documentation is crucial for insurance purposes, compliance with local fire codes, and in the event of an investigation after a fire incident.

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5 Maintenance challenges and solutions

Maintenance of fire protection systems can pose some challenges and risks for civil engineers and building owners, such as cost, access, and coordination. To reduce the cost of maintenance, it's important to plan and budget for activities, prioritize the most critical systems, and seek professional advice. To improve access, design and install systems that are easy to access, provide adequate space and lighting, and use appropriate tools and equipment. To minimize disruption, coordinate and communicate with stakeholders, schedule maintenance activities during off-peak hours, and provide alternative arrangements and contingency plans.

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6 Maintenance best practices and tips

In order to improve the maintenance of fire protection systems, it is important to follow certain best practices and tips. This includes following the manufacturer's instructions and recommendations for each system, as well as hiring qualified and licensed contractors or technicians to perform maintenance activities. Additionally, regular risk assessments and audits should be conducted in order to identify and address any potential issues or gaps in the fire protection systems. Furthermore, it is important to update and upgrade the fire protection systems as needed based on the latest technology, standards, and requirements. Finally, building occupants and staff should be educated on the fire protection systems, their functions, and their maintenance procedures.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Kehinde Omotayo (R.Eng) I Msc l MNSE I MEng I A.M.ASCE I GT FocusScholarX2

PhD student in Engineering and computational sciences | Research & Teaching Assistant at Tennessee State University
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To ensure the safety of people and property, it is necessary to maintain a fire protection system. Fire protection systems including fire alarms, sprinklers, extinguishers, and other emergency equipment. They all require regular inspection, testing, and maintenance for them to remain effective. Some guidelines need to be followed when using a fire protection system. These guidelines can help ensure that your fire protection systems function correctly when needed most, potentially saving lives and preventing property damage. It is also always necessary to adhere to local regulations and standards, as they can vary significantly by location and type of facility.

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How can you maintain fire protection systems?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Types of fire protection systems

2 Maintenance of active systems

3 Maintenance of passive systems

4 Maintenance records and documentation

5 Maintenance challenges and solutions

6 Maintenance best practices and tips

7 Here’s what else to consider

Civil Engineering

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How can you maintain fire protection systems?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Types of fire protection systems

2 Maintenance of active systems

3 Maintenance of passive systems

4 Maintenance records and documentation

5 Maintenance challenges and solutions

6 Maintenance best practices and tips

7 Here’s what else to consider

Civil Engineering

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