How can you incorporate reading and writing into teaching English as a second language?

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Reading and writing are essential skills for learning any language, but especially for English as a second language (ESL) students. They can help them improve their vocabulary, grammar, comprehension, and communication abilities. However, many ESL teachers face challenges in incorporating reading and writing into their lessons, such as lack of time, resources, motivation, or confidence. In this article, you will learn some practical tips on how to integrate reading and writing activities into your ESL teaching, and how to make them engaging and meaningful for your students.

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Tailor the content:

Discover your students' interests and career goals to make reading and writing activities more relevant. Personalized content not only engages but also helps retain language skills.
Interactive technology tools:

Integrate digital platforms that offer interactive exercises for reading and writing. This approach caters to diverse student levels and provides real-time feedback, enhancing their learning experience.

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1 Choose appropriate texts

One of the first steps to incorporate reading and writing into your ESL teaching is to choose texts that are suitable for your students' level, interests, and goals. You can use a variety of sources, such as books, magazines, newspapers, websites, blogs, podcasts, or videos. You can also create your own texts based on your curriculum or topics. The texts should be relevant, authentic, and accessible for your students, and should provide them with opportunities to learn new words, phrases, and structures.

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Nafesa Hamid

Module Leader | FHEA | PhD Researcher
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It is worth learning about your students’ interests and goals, thinking about how you can link these to their reading and writing to make content more engaging. Meaningful learning leads to memorable learning. We can digitise materials to support learners, creating an interactive and relevant learning environment, as well as improving their digital skills. Applications such as Padlet, Canva, Grammarly, Mentimetre, Storybird, Read&Write for Google Chrome and more can cater to varied student levels and support teachers in differentiating reading and writing tasks. They also provide new ways of direct and indirect, immediate and delayed feedback that will benefit students’ improvement of reading and writing in a foreign language.

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Emory Wilcoxen

TEFL Certified English Tutor and Founder of Saige Business English LLC / Academic Success Specialist
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As an EAL tutor, it is vital to know your student's interests. For example, if you know that your student works in marketing, it would be advantageous to read English material related to this field of work. Such as an online article based on a well known company or corporation. This way the student is practicing their reading skills while also learning about a topic that is relevant to them.

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2 Pre-teach vocabulary and activate prior knowledge

Before you ask your students to read or write a text, you should pre-teach some key vocabulary and activate their prior knowledge. This will help them understand the text better and reduce their frustration or anxiety. You can use different strategies to pre-teach vocabulary, such as flashcards, word walls, word maps, or matching exercises. You can also activate their prior knowledge by asking them questions, eliciting their opinions, or brainstorming ideas related to the text.

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Emory Wilcoxen

TEFL Certified English Tutor and Founder of Saige Business English LLC / Academic Success Specialist
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I find a warm-up activity with an image related to key vocabulary to be helpful. It prepares the student's mind for the lesson topic and can boost their confidence if they are already familiar with some of the terms.

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3 Use interactive reading and writing tasks

To make reading and writing more engaging and meaningful for your students, you should use interactive tasks that require them to interact with the text and with each other. For example, you can use jigsaw reading, where each student reads a part of the text and then shares it with their peers. You can also use cooperative writing, where students work in pairs or groups to write a text together. You can also use tasks that involve creativity, such as writing a new ending, a summary, a review, or a response to the text.

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4 Provide feedback and support

One of the most important aspects of incorporating reading and writing into your ESL teaching is to provide feedback and support to your students. Feedback can help them improve their skills, correct their errors, and boost their confidence. You can provide feedback in different ways, such as oral, written, peer, or self-feedback. You can also use rubrics, checklists, or models to guide your students' expectations and performance. Support can help them overcome their difficulties, challenges, or fears. You can provide support by scaffolding, differentiating, or adapting your tasks according to your students' needs and abilities.

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Emory Wilcoxen

TEFL Certified English Tutor and Founder of Saige Business English LLC / Academic Success Specialist
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I keep log of students' performance in each class and grade them from a scale of 1-5 on comprehension, pronunciation, grammar, and speaking. During each class, I provide verbal feedback to the student and tailor their homework assignment to targeted areas of growth.

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5 Celebrate and showcase your students' work

Finally, you should celebrate and showcase your students' work to acknowledge their efforts, achievements, and progress. You can create a positive and supportive classroom environment where your students feel proud and motivated to read and write in English. You can celebrate and showcase their work by displaying it on the walls, in a portfolio, on a blog, or in a newsletter. You can also encourage them to share it with their classmates, parents, or other audiences.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How can you incorporate reading and writing into teaching English as a second language?

1

2

3

4

5

6

1 Choose appropriate texts

2 Pre-teach vocabulary and activate prior knowledge

3 Use interactive reading and writing tasks

4 Provide feedback and support

5 Celebrate and showcase your students' work

6 Here’s what else to consider

Teaching

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How can you incorporate reading and writing into teaching English as a second language?

1

2

3

4

5

6

1 Choose appropriate texts

2 Pre-teach vocabulary and activate prior knowledge

3 Use interactive reading and writing tasks

4 Provide feedback and support

5 Celebrate and showcase your students' work

6 Here’s what else to consider

Teaching

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