How can you ensure circuit accuracy during fabrication?

- Well the easiest way to get started is to design a schematic of the circuit. Before designing perform all the theoretical calculations as per the requirement and optimise the schematic until the best goal is achieved. - Perform a Circuit simulation by using LT spice, RF sim, or Modern Simulation tools like CST, Keysight Agilent ADS and check the accuracy of the circuit designed. - Design the stack up, model the layout. - Next step would be to simulate it in the 3D EM tool like CST MWS, Ansys HFSS by placing the suitable components ( if you have the S2P file of the component try to import it). - After all the Simulation checks finally go for fabrication and get the designed PCB, get the PCBA and finally perform the Workbench test.

If this is about circuit fabrication (i.e., manufacture or assembly) rather than circuit design, then the important issues might be cleaning the board after soldering to remove flux residues. This is particularly important when the circuit has high-impedance nodes that can be perturbed by leakage currents. Another scenario in which fabrication can be an issue is in high-performance digital circuits, communications, and RF circuits, where the impedance of printed circuit board traces may be important. Here the board stack-up (i.e., thickness of the laminations used to create the layers of the printed circuit board) will need to be specified to ensure manufacturing consistency. The laminate materials used will also need to be consistent.

I show the various properties and their needs in the legend, without simulation, especially in high density boards, where vibration is a constant and hot and cold are constant ??

Material selection and quality control is critical. Use high-quality materials and implement stringent quality control procedures to ensure the integrity of components and materials used in fabrication.

During fabrication, defect detection and monitoring at every stage is very important. Employ sophisticated defect inspection and monitoring techniques to identify and rectify errors during fabrication, which starts with simple visible inspection. This also includes optical inspection, electrical testing, and automated defect detection systems.

Employee training and certification play a pivitol role in ensuring the fabrication of circuit accuracy and quality of work. Provide comprehensive training and certification programs for fabrication personnel to ensure they possess the necessary skills and knowledge to adhere to accurate fabrication practices.

Consider tolerances for geometries in the software used vs the manufacturing specs. Often times, understanding the limitations of the manufacturer is good to know, especially when considering the overall design. Not every design can be manufactured, as we live in a non-ideal world. Given the reality for practical considerations, trace width, copper thickness, via sizes, and dielectric densities. These attributes are compared for what is ideal and eventually modified to achieve a compromise between the most optimal design that is also manufacturable.