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How can you design urban areas for optimal public health?

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Urban areas are home to more than half of the world's population and are expected to grow even more in the future. However, urbanization also brings challenges for public health, such as air pollution, traffic congestion, noise, heat stress, and lack of green spaces. How can you design urban areas for optimal public health? Here are some tips from environmental engineering experts.

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1 Reduce emissions

One of the main sources of air pollution in urban areas is the transport sector, which emits harmful gases and particulates that affect respiratory and cardiovascular health. You can design urban areas to reduce emissions by promoting low-carbon modes of transport, such as walking, cycling, public transit, and electric vehicles. You can also improve the efficiency and quality of the transport system, by using smart technologies, traffic management, and road pricing.

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Ricardo Branco

Engenheiro Ambiental | Engenheiro de Seguran?a do Trabalho
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To design urban areas for ideal public health, it's crucial to consider access to green spaces, efficient public transportation planning, promotion of physical activity, access to healthy food, control of air and noise pollution, social interaction spaces, water and sanitation infrastructure, and inclusive, accessible urban planning.

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2 Increase greenery

Another way to improve public health in urban areas is to increase the amount of greenery, such as trees, parks, gardens, and green roofs. Greenery can provide multiple benefits, such as cooling the urban microclimate, filtering the air, reducing noise, enhancing biodiversity, and supporting mental and physical well-being. You can design urban areas to increase greenery by integrating green infrastructure into the urban fabric, creating green corridors and networks, and encouraging community participation and stewardship.

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3 Promote active living

Physical activity is essential for preventing and managing chronic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. You can design urban areas to promote active living by providing safe, accessible, and attractive spaces and facilities for people to exercise, play, and socialize. You can also create mixed-use and compact neighborhoods that encourage people to walk or cycle to their destinations, and reduce the need for car use.

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4 Ensure water quality

Water is a vital resource for human health and well-being, but it can also be a source of contamination and disease. You can design urban areas to ensure water quality by implementing effective water supply, treatment, and distribution systems, using renewable energy and water-saving technologies, and monitoring water quality and consumption. You can also protect and restore the natural water cycle, by managing stormwater runoff, preventing flooding, and enhancing the ecological functions of rivers and wetlands.

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Mahmoud Mohamed Fouad Hussein

LinkedIn Top Voice | Water and wastewater treatment Expert |Environmental consultant | Environmental Sciences Ph.D | Certified lead Auditor ISO 9001, 14001, 45001 | General Manager of Quality and Environmental affairs
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Water supply quality is vital for public health in urban areas. It depends on the physical, chemical, biological, and radiological features of water. To improve water supply quality, we can: Use a risk-based approach like WSP to identify and control hazards and risks in the water system. Follow IWRM principles to manage water, land, and related resources in a coordinated way that benefits people and ecosystems. Choose suitable water supply technologies for the urban context, such as point-of-use treatment, household water treatment and safe storage, or community-managed water systems. Involve stakeholders and communities in the water system to ensure their involvement, ownership, and responsibility.

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5 Foster social cohesion

Social cohesion is the degree of trust, cooperation, and solidarity among different groups and individuals in a society. It can influence public health by affecting the social determinants of health, such as income, education, employment, and social support. You can design urban areas to foster social cohesion by creating inclusive and participatory urban governance, promoting diversity and intercultural dialogue, and providing equitable and accessible public services and amenities.

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6 Adapt to climate change

Climate change is a global threat that can have severe impacts on public health, such as heat waves, droughts, floods, storms, and infectious diseases. You can design urban areas to adapt to climate change by assessing the risks and vulnerabilities of different populations and sectors, implementing mitigation and adaptation measures, and enhancing the resilience and adaptive capacity of the urban system. You can also engage with stakeholders and citizens to raise awareness and mobilize action.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Darius Wobil

Maintenance Officer at Starbites Enterprise LTD
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Develop and enforce urban design guidelines that prioritize public health considerations. This includes sustainable building practices, energy-efficient designs, and green building standards.

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How can you design urban areas for optimal public health?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Reduce emissions

2 Increase greenery

3 Promote active living

4 Ensure water quality

5 Foster social cohesion

6 Adapt to climate change

7 Here’s what else to consider

Environmental Engineering

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How can you design urban areas for optimal public health?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Reduce emissions

2 Increase greenery

3 Promote active living

4 Ensure water quality

5 Foster social cohesion

6 Adapt to climate change

7 Here’s what else to consider

Environmental Engineering

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