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How can you analyze conflicting historical accounts and sources?

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History is not a simple and straightforward record of the past. It is often a complex and contested field of interpretation, debate, and controversy. Different historical accounts and sources may present conflicting or contradictory views on the same events, people, or issues. How can you analyze these conflicting historical accounts and sources and evaluate their reliability, validity, and bias? In this article, you will learn some useful research skills and strategies to help you answer this question.

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Dr. Thangavel Murugan

Faculty @ Dept. of ISS, CIT at UAEU | Faculty Fellow @ CETL UAEU | IEEE Senior Member | Teacher, Mentor, Facilitator &…
Arthur Maxwell Powell II, M.Div.

Ph.D. Student, Researcher, Scholar, Leader, Connector

1 Identify the sources

The first step in analyzing conflicting historical accounts and sources is to identify what kind of sources they are and where they come from. Sources can be classified into primary and secondary sources. Primary sources are original documents, artifacts, or testimonies that were created or produced during the time period or by the people involved in the historical topic. Secondary sources are interpretations, analyses, or summaries of primary sources or other secondary sources that were created or produced later by historians, scholars, or other experts. You should also consider the origin, authorship, purpose, audience, and context of each source. These factors can influence how the source presents and shapes the historical information.

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Dr. Thangavel Murugan

Faculty @ Dept. of ISS, CIT at UAEU | Faculty Fellow @ CETL UAEU | IEEE Senior Member | Teacher, Mentor, Facilitator & Researcher
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Analyzing conflicting historical accounts and sources requires a systematic and critical approach. 1. Identify multiple sources 2. Evaluate source credibility 3. Compare and contrast 4. Cross-referencing and corroborating 5. Assess motive and bias 6. Consult experts 7. Present information objectivel

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2 Compare the sources

The second step in analyzing conflicting historical accounts and sources is to compare them and look for similarities and differences. You can use various methods and tools to compare sources, such as cross-referencing, corroborating, contrasting, and synthesizing. Cross-referencing means checking the accuracy and consistency of the information in one source against another source. Corroborating means finding evidence or support for the information in one source from another source. Contrasting means identifying the discrepancies or disagreements between the sources. Synthesizing means integrating the information from multiple sources into a coherent and comprehensive understanding of the historical topic.

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Kasarachi Innocent

Lecturer, brand communicator, author, public/conference speaker, OAP, Disability Rights Campaigner, Life Coach
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One of the ways to handle conflicting historical data or sources is to seek and access as much secondary data as possible on the conflicting subject. Doing this will ultimately provide a pattern and by carefully synthesizing this pattern, the researcher can guess the accurate data with a significant degree of accuracy.

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3 Evaluate the sources

The third step in analyzing conflicting historical accounts and sources is to evaluate them and assess their strengths and weaknesses. You can use various criteria and questions to evaluate sources, such as credibility, relevance, accuracy, completeness, perspective, and bias. Credibility means how trustworthy and authoritative the source is. Relevance means how related and useful the source is to your research question or purpose. Accuracy means how factual and correct the source is. Completeness means how thorough and detailed the source is. Perspective means how the source reflects the point of view, values, assumptions, and interests of the author or the source origin. Bias means how the source distorts, omits, exaggerates, or manipulates the historical information to favor or oppose a certain position or agenda.

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Arthur Maxwell Powell II, M.Div.

Ph.D. Student, Researcher, Scholar, Leader, Connector
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I have experienced help in this area through receiving assistance from museum directors, historical site directors, documentary film/videos, and college professors. ? These resources are comprised of people who have spent much time with the content. ? Make sure your resources are ethically and culturally diverse. There is a bias towards considering white scholars over non-white scholars, for example. ? Make sure you have sex and gender diversity. No one sex or gender has the final say. Cisgender men have been deemed to have the right position when other voices have valuable if not more significant contributions to the conversation/conflict. ? If the historical account was during the lifetime of an elder, ask for their perspective, please.

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4 Analyze the conflicts

The fourth step in analyzing conflicting historical accounts and sources is to analyze the conflicts and understand their causes and implications. You can use various approaches and frameworks to analyze conflicts, such as historical context, historiography, and historical thinking. Historical context means how the social, political, economic, cultural, and environmental factors of a specific time and place influenced the production and interpretation of historical sources. Historiography means how the development and evolution of historical knowledge, methods, theories, and debates affected the creation and analysis of historical sources. Historical thinking means how the skills, concepts, and habits of mind that historians use to investigate and explain the past influenced the construction and evaluation of historical sources.

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Twan van der Schoot
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I think this is a very important step, may be even the most important of all proposed steps. Understanding a source in the perspective of its time instead of our time resolves a lot of issues. This typically involves momentarily letting go of your contemporary values while understanding the source. Which is very difficult to do.

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5 Communicate your findings

The fifth step in analyzing conflicting historical accounts and sources is to communicate your findings and arguments in a clear and convincing way. You can use various formats and modes to communicate your findings, such as essays, reports, presentations, podcasts, or videos. You should also use various techniques and strategies to communicate your findings, such as thesis statements, evidence, citations, analysis, synthesis, and conclusions. Thesis statements mean how you state your main claim or answer to your research question or purpose. Evidence means how you use and cite the sources that support your thesis statement. Citations mean how you acknowledge and reference the sources that you use. Analysis means how you explain and interpret the evidence and sources that you use. Synthesis means how you connect and integrate the evidence and sources that you use. Conclusions mean how you summarize and restate your thesis statement and the main points of your findings.

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6 Improve your skills

The sixth step in analyzing conflicting historical accounts and sources is to improve your skills and learn from your experience. You can use various resources and opportunities to improve your skills, such as feedback, reflection, revision, and further research. Feedback means how you seek and receive constructive comments and suggestions from your peers, instructors, or experts on your work. Reflection means how you think and write about your strengths and weaknesses, challenges and achievements, and goals and plans in your work. Revision means how you make changes and improvements to your work based on the feedback and reflection that you receive. Further research means how you explore and expand your knowledge and understanding of the historical topic and the sources that you use.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How can you analyze conflicting historical accounts and sources?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Identify the sources

2 Compare the sources

3 Evaluate the sources

4 Analyze the conflicts

5 Communicate your findings

6 Improve your skills

7 Here’s what else to consider

Research

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How can you analyze conflicting historical accounts and sources?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Identify the sources

2 Compare the sources

3 Evaluate the sources

4 Analyze the conflicts

5 Communicate your findings

6 Improve your skills

7 Here’s what else to consider

Research

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感谢您的反馈

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