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How can GIS integration improve emergency response?

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Emergency situations require fast and effective actions from various agencies and stakeholders. However, coordinating and communicating across different platforms and data sources can be challenging and time-consuming. This is where GIS integration can make a difference. GIS, or geographic information system, is a tool that allows users to capture, store, analyze, and display spatial data. By integrating GIS with other environmental systems, such as weather, hydrology, traffic, and health, emergency responders can gain a comprehensive and real-time view of the situation, optimize their resources, and enhance their decision-making. In this article, we will explore how GIS integration can improve emergency response in four aspects: situational awareness, resource allocation, risk assessment, and public information.

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Ir. Noor Hasan

Packaged App Development Specialist at Accenture
Karanbir Singh

ESG Consultant @ Deloitte India | GHG Inventorization | Net Zero Strategy
Dr. Deljo Davis

Environmental Expert | water quality | GIS | ML studies | Geological Studies | Advisory services | Waste Management |…

1 Situational awareness

One of the key benefits of GIS integration is that it can provide a common operational picture for emergency responders. This means that they can access and share the same spatial data from different sources and systems, such as satellite imagery, aerial photos, sensors, cameras, social media, and mobile devices. By visualizing and overlaying these data on a map, emergency responders can gain a better understanding of the location, extent, severity, and evolution of the emergency, as well as the status and availability of critical infrastructure, facilities, and assets. For example, GIS integration can help responders identify the most affected areas by a flood, the safest routes to access them, the nearest shelters and hospitals, and the potential environmental impacts.

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Dr. Deljo Davis

Environmental Expert | water quality | GIS | ML studies | Geological Studies | Advisory services | Waste Management | Data Science | Project Management |wastewater expert | water supply expert
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GIS integration can improve emergency response by higher levels of planning, analysis, situational awareness, and recovery operations. GIS aids ? Assessing the risk and vulnerability of an area before a disaster occurs. ? Mapping the impact and progression of a disaster, and identifying the affected areas and populations. ? Communicating and coordinating with different stakeholders, such as emergency responders, volunteers, and residents, using data-driven maps and platforms. ? Evaluating the damage and needs of the disaster area, and allocating resources effectively. ? Monitoring and reporting the recovery efforts and outcomes, and learning from the experience for future improvement.

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Gilbert Akol Echelai

GIS, Asset Management, Strategic Planning and Project Management
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The biggest advantage that an entity can gain through GIS integration, is the ability of GIS to access data resident in external databases and systems, and analyse such data, to create new data with a spatial meaning, and thus making decision making easier and more inclusive from an emergence response perspective. An example is the ability of GIS to locate where the emergence has occurred (existing map), then use external data about that location or its surrounding like the kind and nature of facilities, tools and equipment that they have for putting out fires, the shortest route they can take to reach the emergency, as well as track progress of response to the emergency in real time (GPS) tracking and relate this to a coordination team.

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2 Resource allocation

Another advantage of GIS integration is that it can help emergency responders optimize their resource allocation and deployment. This means that they can use spatial data and analysis to plan and prioritize their actions, assign and track their personnel and equipment, and coordinate their logistics and supply chains. For example, GIS integration can help responders estimate the demand and supply of essential goods and services, such as water, food, medicine, and power, and distribute them according to the needs and capacities of the affected communities. GIS integration can also help responders monitor and evaluate their performance and efficiency, and adjust their strategies and tactics accordingly.

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Ir. Noor Hasan

Packaged App Development Specialist at Accenture
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Resource Allocation: GIS integration helps optimize resource allocation during emergency response. By mapping the location of available resources, such as emergency personnel, equipment, medical facilities, or shelters, GIS can assist in identifying resource gaps, facilitating resource deployment, and ensuring efficient use of available resources.

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3 Risk assessment

A third benefit of GIS integration is that it can help emergency responders assess and mitigate the risks and impacts of the emergency. This means that they can use spatial data and models to predict and simulate the possible scenarios and outcomes of the emergency, and identify and address the vulnerabilities and threats that may arise. For example, GIS integration can help responders forecast the spread and intensity of a wildfire, the inundation and erosion caused by a storm surge, the exposure and sensitivity of the population and the environment to a hazardous spill, and the recovery and resilience of the affected systems.

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4 Public information

A final benefit of GIS integration is that it can help emergency responders communicate and engage with the public and other stakeholders. This means that they can use spatial data and visualization to inform and educate the public about the emergency, the response actions, and the safety measures. For example, GIS integration can help responders create and disseminate interactive maps, dashboards, and apps that show the current situation, the available resources, the evacuation routes, and the emergency contacts. GIS integration can also help responders collect and incorporate feedback and input from the public and other partners, and foster collaboration and trust.

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Karanbir Singh

ESG Consultant @ Deloitte India | GHG Inventorization | Net Zero Strategy
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In the Indian context, the integration of Geographic Information System (GIS) offers a significant advantage for emergency responders, fostering effective communication and engagement with the public and stakeholders. Responders can leverage GIS integration to create interactive maps, dashboards, and applications that provide real-time updates on the emergency situation, available resources, evacuation routes, and emergency contacts. This enhances public awareness and education, enabling citizens to make informed decisions and take necessary safety measures. GIS integration supports two-way communication between emergency responders and the public.

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5 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Ir. Noor Hasan

Packaged App Development Specialist at Accenture
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GIS technology can incorporate various types of hazard data into emergency response systems. 1. Natural Disasters such as hurricanes, floods, earthquakes, wildfires. 2. Industrial Accidents: GIS data related to industrial accidents, including chemical spills, explosions, or hazardous material releases. 3. Disease Outbreaks: GIS data related to disease outbreaks, such as the spread of infectious diseases or epidemics. 4. Environmental Hazards: GIS data related to environmental hazards, such as air pollution, water contamination. 5. Climate Change Impacts of climate change, such as rising sea levels, increased temperatures. 6. Infrastructure Failures such as bridge collapses, dam failures, or power outages.

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How can GIS integration improve emergency response?

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1 Situational awareness

2 Resource allocation

3 Risk assessment

4 Public information

5 Here’s what else to consider

Environmental Services

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How can GIS integration improve emergency response?

1

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1 Situational awareness

2 Resource allocation

3 Risk assessment

4 Public information

5 Here’s what else to consider

Environmental Services

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