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What are the steps to successfully implement a requirements engineering method?

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Requirements engineering (RE) is the process of defining, documenting, and managing the needs and expectations of stakeholders for a system or software project. RE is crucial for ensuring that the project delivers value, meets quality standards, and satisfies the customer. However, implementing a RE method is not a one-size-fits-all solution. It requires careful planning, execution, and evaluation to achieve the best results. In this article, you will learn the steps to successfully implement a RE method for your project.

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Mike Topping

Synthetic Training Consultant at Skyral

1 Choose a RE method

The first step is to select a RE method that suits your project context, scope, and objectives. There are various RE methods available, such as goal-oriented, scenario-based, model-based, or agile methods. Each method has its own advantages, disadvantages, and assumptions. You should consider factors such as the complexity, uncertainty, and volatility of the requirements, the availability and involvement of stakeholders, the development process and tools, and the expected quality attributes of the system. You should also compare the costs and benefits of different methods and choose the one that offers the most value for your project.

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Carsten Pitz

Not promoting techniques failing constantly.
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In my experience it is vivid to choose your RE method according to the level of uncertaincy you will face. Just the two extremes (1) optimize an existing product (2) create a new product, a product that haven't existed before In case (1) the development team knows most of the requirements and has even already satisfied these requirements. In this case I recommend the standard IREB method. In case (2) there just exists a collection of vague ideas in the heads of a handful stakeholders. In this case I recommend methods like UAF by OMG, ARCADIA by Thales or something similar. Start with elicting use cases. Note down requirements for each use case. ...

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Leonardo Augusto

CTO | CIO | Head of IT | Adviser | Hands on | LGPD | Mentor | DevSecOps | Gest?o, processos e Projetos TIC | LSS | Compliance | SAP | TOTVS | FinOps | DevSecOps | ERP | ESG
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Em projetos deste tipo, trabalho com uma sequência adaptada ao cenário. Concep??o, Elabora??o, Negocia??o, Especifica??o, Valida??o e Gerenciamento. Todas as fases executadas com atitude, eficácia e eficiência, me trouxeram bons resultados.

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2 Define the RE process

The next step is to define the RE process that describes how you will perform the RE activities, such as elicitation, analysis, specification, validation, and management. The RE process should be aligned with the chosen RE method and the overall project plan. You should define the roles and responsibilities of the RE team and the stakeholders, the inputs and outputs of each activity, the techniques and tools to be used, the standards and guidelines to be followed, and the metrics and indicators to be measured. You should also document the RE process and communicate it to the relevant parties.

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Carsten Pitz

Not promoting techniques failing constantly.
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Based on my experience I strongly advise you to not roll on your own RE process. Take an existing, proven RE process and carefully adapt it to your organisation. In most cases IREB is a good starting point. Your benefit of adapting an existing, proven method is manyfold * it is proven in practice * process documentation already exists * you can hire people already familiar with the process

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3 Elicit the requirements

The third step is to elicit the requirements from the stakeholders and other sources, such as existing systems, documents, or regulations. Elicitation is the process of discovering, understanding, and capturing the needs and expectations of the stakeholders for the system. You should use appropriate techniques and tools to elicit the requirements, such as interviews, workshops, surveys, observation, prototyping, or brainstorming. You should also consider the different perspectives, interests, and assumptions of the stakeholders and try to resolve any conflicts or ambiguities.

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4 Analyze the requirements

The fourth step is to analyze the requirements to ensure that they are clear, complete, consistent, correct, feasible, and relevant. Analysis is the process of refining, organizing, prioritizing, and modeling the requirements to form a coherent and comprehensive specification. You should use appropriate techniques and tools to analyze the requirements, such as checklists, matrices, diagrams, or models. You should also involve the stakeholders in the analysis process and get their feedback and approval.

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5 Specify the requirements

The fifth step is to specify the requirements in a formal or informal document that serves as the basis for the system design, development, testing, and deployment. Specification is the process of expressing the requirements in a precise, unambiguous, verifiable, and traceable manner. You should use appropriate techniques and tools to specify the requirements, such as natural language, structured language, graphical notation, or formal notation. You should also follow the standards and guidelines for the specification format, structure, and content.

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6 Validate and manage the requirements

The final step is to validate and manage the requirements throughout the project lifecycle. Validation is the process of checking that the requirements meet the stakeholder needs and expectations and conform to the quality criteria. You should use appropriate techniques and tools to validate the requirements, such as reviews, inspections, walkthroughs, or tests. You should also manage the requirements to cope with any changes, issues, or risks that may arise during the project. You should use appropriate techniques and tools to manage the requirements, such as traceability, version control, change control, or configuration management.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Mike Topping

Synthetic Training Consultant at Skyral
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This is indeed the traditional approach but it is important to remember that it is not the only approach .... indeed in many cases it is not even "the best" approach. It is based upon an assumption they the end result can be accurately defined at the start...which is in my experience rare. The result is managing significant changes to the baseline requirements with the associated cost and time impact. Adding some agile approaches that recognise that clarity improves as the design progresses can be very helpful... especially in non safety critical system where the cost of mockup or prototyping is comparitivly low... As an example, compare the NASA Artemis and SpaceX Starship approaches....

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Carsten Pitz

Not promoting techniques failing constantly.
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The RE process is a central process interfacing with many other processes. So before establishing a RE process in your organisation think on * what is the organisation culture? * how formally do the employees work? * what other processes must be connected? * what level of uncertaincy is expected? * what is the complexity of your products?

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What are the steps to successfully implement a requirements engineering method?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Choose a RE method

2 Define the RE process

3 Elicit the requirements

4 Analyze the requirements

5 Specify the requirements

6 Validate and manage the requirements

7 Here’s what else to consider

Engineering Design

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What are the steps to successfully implement a requirements engineering method?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Choose a RE method

2 Define the RE process

3 Elicit the requirements

4 Analyze the requirements

5 Specify the requirements

6 Validate and manage the requirements

7 Here’s what else to consider

Engineering Design

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