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Last updated on 2024年8月3日

What are some ways to demonstrate critical thinking skills in a Systems Design interview?

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Systems design is a process of creating solutions that meet the functional and non-functional requirements of a system, such as scalability, performance, reliability, security, and usability. In a systems design interview, you are expected to demonstrate your ability to analyze a problem, propose a high-level architecture, and discuss the trade-offs and challenges involved. Critical thinking skills are essential for this type of interview, as they help you to evaluate different options, identify assumptions and risks, and communicate your reasoning clearly. Here are some ways to show your critical thinking skills in a systems design interview.

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Harshvardhan Upadhyay

Manager - Design & Research @EY | Ex-Microsoft, Samsung, TOI Group & Cognizant | iF Design Award 2020 | Indira Gandhi…
Subrata B.

Integrating Policy Analysis/Research into Gender transformative projects by strengthening GBV measures; Policy Advice…

1 Clarify the problem

Before jumping into the design, you should clarify the problem statement and ask relevant questions to understand the scope, goals, and constraints of the system. For example, you can ask about the expected user base, traffic patterns, latency requirements, data size and format, and availability expectations. By clarifying the problem, you can avoid misunderstandings, set realistic expectations, and focus on the most important aspects of the system.

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Harshvardhan Upadhyay

Manager - Design & Research @EY | Ex-Microsoft, Samsung, TOI Group & Cognizant | iF Design Award 2020 | Indira Gandhi Priyadarshini Award 2013 | IIT Guwahati | VIT Pune
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Problem Analysis: Show your ability to analyze the problem comprehensively. Break down the problem into smaller parts that you can tackle systematically. Clarifying the Requirement: Don't assume anything. Always clarify the requirements before jumping into the solution. This demonstrates your ability to evaluate the situation accurately and not jump to conclusions.

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Subrata B.

Integrating Policy Analysis/Research into Gender transformative projects by strengthening GBV measures; Policy Advice to the National Govts. of Global South on CP, GBV, WEE, WEP, Women's Leadership, Education, Health.
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System Design Thinking has been gradually taking very critical role in development paradigms because this one of the most important area play key role in advancing development. When we talk about System Thinking we must be aware that a system is consists of multiple elements, structures, departments and of course existing principles, norms that guide a system to run effectively to produce desirable results. We have to be cautious when there is some problems we need to inquire deeply not only root causes but also other elements that create system problems and at the same time when we develop solutions we need to understand how such remedied impact on other elements on the systems. Thus solution must be effective for all elements of system.

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2 Define the criteria

Once you have a clear problem statement, you should define the criteria that you will use to evaluate your design choices. For example, you can use the acronym FURPS to remember the common criteria: functionality, usability, reliability, performance, and security. You can also prioritize the criteria based on the problem context and the trade-offs involved. By defining the criteria, you can establish a common ground with the interviewer and justify your decisions based on objective measures.

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3 Explore the alternatives

After defining the criteria, you should explore the possible alternatives for designing the system. You can use diagrams, sketches, or pseudocode to illustrate your ideas and compare their pros and cons. You should also consider the scalability, availability, and fault tolerance of your design, and how you would handle common issues such as load balancing, caching, replication, partitioning, and consistency. By exploring the alternatives, you can demonstrate your creativity, breadth of knowledge, and ability to weigh different options.

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Manasseh Gikonyo

Electrical Engineering Student | EV Enthuasist | PCB designer | IEEE DEKUT Webmaster | Arduino | IEEE Member & PES DAY 24 Ambassador | Software Engineering Learner at Power Learn Project
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In addition by presenting alternative solutions to the given problem, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of each can come in handy. This demonstrates your ability to think critically about different approaches and select the most suitable one.

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4 Test your assumptions

As you design the system, you should test your assumptions and validate your design with data and examples. You can use back-of-the-envelope calculations, benchmarks, or empirical evidence to estimate the performance, capacity, and cost of your system. You should also identify the potential bottlenecks, failures, and risks that your system might face, and how you would mitigate them. By testing your assumptions, you can show your analytical skills, attention to detail, and awareness of the real-world scenarios.

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5 Solicit feedback

Throughout the interview, you should solicit feedback from the interviewer and incorporate their suggestions and comments into your design. You should also ask clarifying questions, explain your thought process, and acknowledge the limitations and trade-offs of your design. By soliciting feedback, you can demonstrate your communication skills, collaboration skills, and openness to learning.

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6 Refine your solution

Finally, you should refine your solution based on the feedback and the criteria that you defined earlier. You can summarize the main components and features of your system, highlight the strengths and weaknesses of your design, and suggest possible improvements or extensions for the future. By refining your solution, you can show your critical thinking skills, confidence, and professionalism.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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What are some ways to demonstrate critical thinking skills in a Systems Design interview?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Clarify the problem

2 Define the criteria

3 Explore the alternatives

4 Test your assumptions

5 Solicit feedback

6 Refine your solution

7 Here’s what else to consider

Systems Design

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What are some ways to demonstrate critical thinking skills in a Systems Design interview?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Clarify the problem

2 Define the criteria

3 Explore the alternatives

4 Test your assumptions

5 Solicit feedback

6 Refine your solution

7 Here’s what else to consider

Systems Design

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