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What are some useful Group Policy settings for securing Windows systems?

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Group Policy is a powerful tool for managing and securing Windows systems in a network environment. It allows you to apply settings and restrictions to users and computers based on organizational units, domains, and sites. In this article, you will learn about some useful Group Policy settings that can help you improve the security and performance of your Windows systems.

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Implement password policies:

Enforcing strong passwords through Group Policy settings enhances security by preventing unauthorized access and attacks. You set rules on password complexity, change intervals, and history to keep your systems safe.
Enable audit policies:

Activating audit settings using Group Policy helps you monitor system events. You'll be able to track security incidents and operational issues, making sure nothing slips through the cracks.

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1 Password Policies

Password policies are essential for enforcing strong and secure passwords for your users and administrators. You can use Group Policy to configure settings such as password length, complexity, expiration, and history. These settings can help you prevent unauthorized access, brute force attacks, and password reuse. You can find these settings under Computer Configuration > Policies > Windows Settings > Security Settings > Account Policies > Password Policy.

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Frederic Barbier

Consultant IA ChatGPT, Winserver Admin #ChatGPT
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il existe tellement de paramètres difficile de dresser toute la liste, cependant: Sécurité de l'Authentification et de l'Accès : Politiques de mot de passe : Exiger des mots de passe complexes, définir la durée de validité et définir des restrictions de réutilisation. Politiques de verrouillage du compte : Configurer le verrouillage du compte après un certain nombre d'échecs de connexion. Audit des événements de sécurité : Activer l'audit pour suivre les événements de sécurité importants tels que la connexion réussie/échouée, les modifications de compte, etc. Restrictions d'accès réseau : Configurer le pare-feu Windows via la Stratégie de Groupe pour limiter les communications réseau non autorisées. Sécurité des Objets Système : etc. etc.

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Roland G. Robinson Jr

Sole Proprietor, IT Consultant, and Content Creator | IT Consultation, Managed IT Services
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Not only is group policy, the root and key to all window security, it's easily overlooked misused and or just plain not used properly. GPOs or the root and the greatest key to locking down window systems, protecting users from themselves and the dangers of the outside world...

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2 Audit Policies

Audit policies are useful for monitoring and logging the activities and events that occur on your Windows systems. You can use Group Policy to enable and disable auditing for different categories, such as account logon, account management, object access, policy change, and system. These settings can help you track and troubleshoot security issues, compliance violations, and operational problems. You can find these settings under Computer Configuration > Policies > Windows Settings > Security Settings > Advanced Audit Policy Configuration.

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William Hall

UNC Health, CISSP, CISM, CPHIMS
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Enabling these audit policies can make your security log very chatty and will cause it to turnover very quickly. Hence, this should be completed as part of a larger log monitoring strategy involving a well-tuned SIEM that monitors this data for suspicious activity.

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3 Firewall Policies

Firewall policies are important for controlling and filtering the network traffic that enters and exits your Windows systems. You can use Group Policy to create and apply firewall rules that specify which ports, protocols, applications, and addresses are allowed or blocked. These settings can help you protect your systems from network attacks, malware, and unauthorized access. You can find these settings under Computer Configuration > Policies > Windows Settings > Security Settings > Windows Defender Firewall with Advanced Security.

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4 User Rights Assignment

User rights assignment is a feature that determines what actions and tasks a user or a group can perform on a Windows system. You can use Group Policy to assign or deny user rights, such as log on locally, access this computer from the network, shut down the system, and run as a service. These settings can help you limit the privileges and permissions of your users and groups, and prevent them from performing actions that could compromise the security or stability of your systems. You can find these settings under Computer Configuration > Policies > Windows Settings > Security Settings > Local Policies > User Rights Assignment.

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5 Software Restriction Policies

Software restriction policies are a mechanism that allows you to control the execution of software on your Windows systems. You can use Group Policy to create and apply rules that allow or deny the execution of software based on its identity, location, hash, or certificate. These settings can help you prevent the installation and running of unauthorized, malicious, or incompatible software on your systems. You can find these settings under Computer Configuration > Policies > Windows Settings > Security Settings > Software Restriction Policies.

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6 Startup and Shutdown Scripts

Startup and shutdown scripts are scripts that run automatically when a Windows system starts up or shuts down. You can use Group Policy to specify and assign scripts that perform various tasks, such as configuring settings, installing updates, running diagnostics, or cleaning up resources. These settings can help you automate and streamline the management and maintenance of your Windows systems. You can find these settings under Computer Configuration > Policies > Windows Settings > Scripts (Startup/Shutdown).

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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William Hall

UNC Health, CISSP, CISM, CPHIMS
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For a comprehensive list of ALL the useful GPO settings, please visit the Center for Internet Security (CIS) website and download the CIS Benchmark documents for the Windows Server OS versions you use. This will require some analysis and contextual decisions about what makes sense in your environment, but it’s a journey worth taking.

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Gregory Martin

Senior Linux Engineer at Progressive Insurance
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There are also Group Policy settings that can be used to prevent changes to network interfaces which can help in situations where static IP schemes are deployed, settings that can be used to enforce file type associations to ensure that files open in the correct applications, and settings that can control access/configurations for RDP Servers.

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Brian Sherrill

Enterprise System Manager at UMC Health System
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Highly recommend looking at CIS Level 1 framework for helping secure your systems. You can sign up for a free CIS Workbench account. These policies can be very daunting and tedious to go through, but can be extremely helpful to you to provide a great baseline configuration. Their download contains an Excel spreadsheet that outlines each setting, where to find it in Group Policy, their recommended setting. You’ll find that a lot of their recommendations are how the system works by default, you are just defining the setting. I would start with the default behaviors as a ‘given’ and augment that as necessary for your environment, or your use-cases. Then you can look at the ‘non-out-of-the-box’ behavior and assess each a little at a time.

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What are some useful Group Policy settings for securing Windows systems?

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1 Password Policies

2 Audit Policies

3 Firewall Policies

4 User Rights Assignment

5 Software Restriction Policies

6 Startup and Shutdown Scripts

7 Here’s what else to consider

Windows System Administration

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