What are some historical examples of inquiry-based learning approaches that have worked?

1 Socrates and the Socratic method

One of the earliest and most influential proponents of inquiry-based learning was the ancient Greek philosopher Socrates, who lived in the fifth century BC. Socrates is famous for his dialectical method of teaching, which involved asking his students a series of questions that challenged their assumptions, exposed their contradictions, and led them to deeper understanding. Socrates did not provide answers or information, but rather stimulated his students to think for themselves and seek the truth. The Socratic method is still widely used today in various fields and disciplines, such as law, ethics, and science.

2 John Dewey and progressive education

Another pioneer of inquiry-based learning was the American philosopher and educator John Dewey, who lived in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Dewey advocated for a progressive education that was based on the needs and interests of the learners, rather than on the fixed curriculum and standards of the system. He believed that education should be a process of active and social learning, where students engage in meaningful and authentic problems and projects that relate to their lives and communities. He also emphasized the role of the teacher as a facilitator and guide, rather than an authority and transmitter of knowledge.

3 Maria Montessori and the Montessori method

A contemporary of Dewey, Maria Montessori was an Italian physician and educator who developed a unique approach to early childhood education that is still popular today. The Montessori method is based on the idea that children are natural learners who have an innate desire and ability to explore and learn from their environment. Montessori designed a learning environment that was rich with materials and activities that catered to the different developmental stages and interests of the children. She also gave the children freedom and choice to work at their own pace and level, while observing and supporting their learning.

6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?