When you start negotiating, there are some smart tactics to follow in order to achieve your desired outcomes and avoid common mistakes. You should begin with a reasonable offer that reflects your research and strategy, and leaves room for concessions. Additionally, utilize objective criteria, such as market value or standards, to justify your offer and counteroffer. Aim to ask for more than you expect to get, and offer less than you are willing to give, in order to create a zone of possible agreement (ZOPA). Trade off low-priority items for high-priority items, and ask for something in return for every concession you make. Moreover, use if-then statements to propose conditional offers that link your requests to the vendor's demands. Furthermore, be sure to avoid making unilateral concessions, accepting the first offer, or splitting the difference. Instead, seek to create value by exploring options, alternatives, or solutions that could satisfy both parties' interests and needs. Lastly, confirm the details and implications of any agreement verbally and in writing, clarifying any ambiguities or uncertainties.