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What are the pros and cons of optical, inertial, and hybrid motion capture systems?

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Motion capture, or mocap, is a technique that records the movements of actors, objects, or animals and translates them into digital data that can be used for 3D animation. Mocap can create realistic and expressive animations for characters, creatures, and effects in films, games, and other media. But what are the different types of mocap systems and how do they compare in terms of advantages and disadvantages? In this article, we will explore the pros and cons of optical, inertial, and hybrid mocap systems.

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Remco Sikkema

Marketing Director at Xsens | The #1 in high-end Inertial Motion Capture and Inertial Sensors (IMU) | LinkedIn content…

1 Optical mocap

Optical mocap systems use cameras and markers to track the positions and orientations of the subjects. The cameras capture the light reflected by the markers, which are usually attached to the body or the props of the actors. The data is then processed by software that reconstructs the 3D coordinates of the markers and generates a skeleton or a mesh that represents the motion. Optical mocap systems can offer high accuracy, resolution, and fidelity, as well as the ability to capture multiple actors and objects simultaneously. However, they also have some drawbacks, such as the need for a large and controlled studio space, the risk of occlusion or interference of the markers, the high cost and complexity of the equipment and software, and the time-consuming post-processing and cleanup of the data.

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2 Inertial mocap

Inertial mocap systems use sensors and wireless devices to measure the acceleration, rotation, and orientation of the subjects. The sensors are usually integrated into suits, gloves, or straps that are worn by the actors. The devices transmit the data to a computer or a mobile device that calculates the motion and displays it in real time. Inertial mocap systems can offer portability, flexibility, and convenience, as they can be used in any environment, indoors or outdoors, without the need for cameras or markers. They can also capture fast and dynamic movements, as well as subtle facial expressions and finger gestures. However, they also have some limitations, such as the susceptibility to drift, noise, and calibration errors, the lower accuracy and resolution compared to optical systems, the difficulty of capturing interactions between actors and objects, and the dependency on battery life and wireless connection.

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Remco Sikkema

Marketing Director at Xsens | The #1 in high-end Inertial Motion Capture and Inertial Sensors (IMU) | LinkedIn content creator about tech and motion capture ??
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The difference in quality of inertial systems can differ. If you pick a premium brand, the data is comparable to optical quality. A premium inertial system will have: - HD Reprocessing to get the best quality possible - Fully resistant against magnetic interference - 8+ hours battery life - Minimal drift, and/or integrations with positional systems such as HTC Vive - Easy and stable calibration procedure, less then 3 min - Stable wireless connection with an access point - Additional features such as On-Body Recording, extended Buffering and Cloud services to make it even easier to capture in difficult conditions This way you get the best of both worlds, the accuracy of an optical system, plus the flexibility from an inertial system.

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3 Hybrid mocap

Hybrid mocap systems combine optical and inertial technologies to overcome some of the challenges and limitations of each system. They use both cameras and sensors to capture the motion of the subjects, and then fuse the data to create a more complete and accurate representation of the motion. Hybrid mocap systems can offer the best of both worlds, as they can capture complex and realistic movements in various scenarios, with high quality and reliability. They can also reduce the number of markers and cameras needed, as well as the post-processing and cleanup time. However, they also have some disadvantages, such as the high cost and complexity of integrating and synchronizing the different devices and software, the potential for conflicts or inconsistencies between the data sources, and the need for more expertise and experience to operate and maintain the system.

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4 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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What are the pros and cons of optical, inertial, and hybrid motion capture systems?

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1 Optical mocap

2 Inertial mocap

3 Hybrid mocap

4 Here’s what else to consider

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