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What are the pros and cons of Capacitor vs Cordova for native features access?

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If you are developing hybrid apps with Ionic Framework, you might wonder how to access native features like camera, geolocation, or push notifications. You have two options: Capacitor or Cordova. Both are open-source platforms that let you use web technologies to create native-like experiences. But what are the pros and cons of each one? How do they differ in terms of functionality, performance, and compatibility? In this article, we will compare Capacitor and Cordova and help you decide which one suits your needs better.

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Parth Joshi

Sr Frontend Developer specializing in Front-End and UI Development | ?? LinkedIn Top Web Development Voice

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Yevhen Yerko

Ionic Software Engineer | Angular | Ionic | PHP ???? EAD
Bilal Rashid

Senior Frontend Developer

1 Capacitor overview

Capacitor is a newer and more modern alternative to Cordova. It was created by the Ionic team and launched in 2019. Capacitor aims to provide a native bridge that is more flexible, extensible, and future-proof than Cordova. It supports modern web features like Progressive Web Apps, Web Components, and Custom Elements. It also has a simpler and more consistent API that works across platforms. Capacitor allows you to access native features through plugins, which you can install from npm or create your own.

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Yevhen Yerko

Ionic Software Engineer | Angular | Ionic | PHP ???? EAD
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Capacitor API ? прост?шим ? б?льш посл?довним, що робить розробку додатк?в б?льш зручною на р?зних платформах. Розробка плаг?н?в зручн?ша н?ж в Cordova

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2 Cordova overview

Cordova is the older and more established platform for hybrid app development. It was originally created by PhoneGap and later donated to Apache. Cordova enables you to access native features through plugins, which you can find on the Cordova Plugin Registry or create your own. Cordova has a larger and more diverse plugin ecosystem than Capacitor, with more than 2,000 plugins available. Cordova also supports more platforms than Capacitor, including Windows, BlackBerry, and Firefox OS.

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Parth Joshi

Sr Frontend Developer specializing in Front-End and UI Development | ?? LinkedIn Top Web Development Voice
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->Cordova is an open-source mobile development framework that allows developers to build mobile applications using web technologies such as HTML5, CSS3, and JavaScript. ->Cordova acts as a container for running these web applications and allows them to be distributed as native apps on various platforms, including iOS, Android, Windows, and others. Key Features of Cordova: i) Cross Platformed development ii) Web-View base Execution iii) Plugin for Native Features iv) Command Line Interface (CLI) Use Case: i) Hybrid Mobile App ii) Prototyping iii) Enterprise App Challenges: i) Performance (may not perform as well as fully native apps, especially for graphics-intensive applications) ii) Platform specific issue iii) Dependency on plugin

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Jair Itamar Orozco Franco

Software Developer
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En mi experiencia las aplicaciones con cordova se vuelven más complicadas de mantener a medida de pasa el tiempo, ya que requieren versiones específicas para funcionar, lo cual es un dolor de cabeza :)

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3 Capacitor pros

One of the main advantages of Capacitor is that it integrates seamlessly with Ionic Framework and Angular. You can use the same commands and tools to build, run, and debug your app. Capacitor also offers better support for native development, as it generates native projects that you can open and modify in Xcode or Android Studio. This gives you more control and flexibility over your app's behavior and appearance. Another benefit of Capacitor is that it has a more modern and streamlined plugin architecture, which reduces the risk of conflicts and errors.

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4 Cordova pros

One of the main advantages of Cordova is that it has a wider and more mature plugin ecosystem than Capacitor. You can find plugins for almost any native feature or service you need, from analytics to social media integration. Cordova also has more documentation and community resources than Capacitor, as it has been around longer and has more users and contributors. Another benefit of Cordova is that it supports more platforms than Capacitor, which can be useful if you want to target niche or legacy markets.

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5 Capacitor cons

One of the main disadvantages of Capacitor is that it has fewer and less tested plugins than Cordova. You might not find a plugin for some native features or services you need, or you might encounter bugs or compatibility issues. Capacitor also has less documentation and community support than Cordova, as it is newer and less widely used. Another drawback of Capacitor is that it requires more native dependencies and configuration than Cordova, which can increase the complexity and size of your app.

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Bilal Rashid

Senior Frontend Developer
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if you are using these 3 libraries i.e. "@ionic-native/diagnostic", "@ionic-native/in-app-browser", "@ionic-native/keyboard" then you can't migrate from cordova to capacitor as of 24 Nov, 2023. Capacitor doesn't have equivalent plugins for these. Capacitor does have a keyboard plugin but it does not achieve same functionality as ionic native keyboard plugin does.

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6 Cordova cons

One of the main disadvantages of Cordova is that it has a more outdated and inconsistent plugin architecture than Capacitor. You might face problems with plugin versions, dependencies, or compatibility across platforms. Cordova also has less support for modern web features than Capacitor, which can affect your app's performance and user experience. Another drawback of Cordova is that it has a more cumbersome and less intuitive workflow than Capacitor, as it requires more commands and tools to build, run, and debug your app.

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Yevhen Yerko

Ionic Software Engineer | Angular | Ionic | PHP ???? EAD
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Cordova has less support for modern web features compared to Capacitor, which can affect the performance and user experience of your application.

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Jair Itamar Orozco Franco

Software Developer
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Cordova tiene la compatibildiad con la web moderna resagada, si bien tiene muchos paquetes más que capacitor y por el tiempo de uso tiene más uso que capacitor, capitor lo compensa con su compatibildad con aplicaciones PWA

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Jair Itamar Orozco Franco

Software Developer
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Siempre considerar y revisar el alcanze del proyecto un analisis previo de los plugins que se ocuparan o podrian ocuparse para que al tener futuras mejoras la compatibilidad no te fuerza hacer un redise?o o tener que reinvestigar la compatibilidad entre los demás plugins, esto al final del dia hara que tu aplicación en un futuro cercano siga compatible y el esfuerzo de cambios sea minimo.

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What are the pros and cons of Capacitor vs Cordova for native features access?

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1 Capacitor overview

2 Cordova overview

3 Capacitor pros

4 Cordova pros

5 Capacitor cons

6 Cordova cons

7 Here’s what else to consider

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