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What are the most important things to look for when providing feedback on academic writing?

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Providing feedback on academic writing is a crucial skill for educators, tutors, and peers who want to help students improve their communication, critical thinking, and research abilities. However, giving effective feedback is not always easy, as it requires balancing clarity, accuracy, and encouragement. In this article, we will discuss some of the most important things to look for when providing feedback on academic writing, and how to deliver it in a constructive and respectful way.

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Salman Saeed

Lecturer Botany (UCMS Khanewal, Pakistan)

1 Purpose and audience

One of the first things to look for when providing feedback on academic writing is whether the writer has a clear purpose and audience for their work. What is the main goal of the writing? Who is the intended reader? How does the writer address their needs and expectations? Feedback should help the writer to refine their purpose and audience, and to align their content, tone, and style accordingly. For example, feedback could point out areas where the writer needs to provide more background information, explain technical terms, or use more formal language.

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Salman Saeed

Lecturer Botany (UCMS Khanewal, Pakistan)
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Clarity and Coherence: Ensure the writing is clear, organized, and logically structured. Thesis and Argument: Assess the strength and relevance of the main argument or thesis. Evidence and Support: Check for sufficient and relevant evidence to support claims. Critical Thinking: Evaluate the depth of analysis and critical thinking displayed. Grammar and Style: Address issues related to grammar, syntax, and writing style. Citations and Referencing: Verify proper citation and referencing of sources. Audience Awareness: Consider if the writing is tailored to the intended audience Engagement: Assess the overall engagement and interest generated Providing feedback on these aspects enhances the quality and effectiveness of academic writing

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2 Structure and organization

Another important thing to look for when providing feedback on academic writing is how the writer structures and organizes their ideas. Does the writing have a clear introduction, body, and conclusion? Does each paragraph have a topic sentence, supporting evidence, and a transition to the next paragraph? Does the writing follow a logical and coherent order of points? Feedback should help the writer to improve their structure and organization, and to make their writing easier to follow and understand. For example, feedback could suggest ways to restate the thesis statement, rearrange paragraphs, or add headings and subheadings.

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3 Argument and evidence

A third important thing to look for when providing feedback on academic writing is how the writer develops and supports their argument. Does the writing have a clear and specific thesis statement that answers the research question? Does the writer use relevant and credible sources to back up their claims? Does the writer acknowledge and address counterarguments and limitations? Feedback should help the writer to strengthen their argument and evidence, and to demonstrate their critical thinking and analysis skills. For example, feedback could highlight gaps or flaws in the argument, recommend additional or alternative sources, or challenge the writer to consider different perspectives.

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Vivekananth Padmanabhan

Academic| Soft Skills Trainer|Career Counsellor|Content Writer|Learning Skills Trainer|Teacher Training Facilitator|Productivity Coach|Personality Analyst|Voice Trainer|Life Coach|Content Writing Trainer|Fitness Trainer
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In professional advice, prioritizing authenticity and expertise is crucial. When offering guidance, emphasize a genuine understanding of the subject, supported by concrete examples or data. This fosters trust and credibility, key elements in effective communication. Consider the audience's needs, tailoring insights to resonate with their challenges. By blending sincerity, expertise, and relevance, your advice becomes a valuable asset in the professional realm.

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4 Language and style

A fourth important thing to look for when providing feedback on academic writing is how the writer uses language and style to communicate their ideas. Does the writer use clear and concise sentences that avoid jargon, slang, and repetition? Does the writer use appropriate grammar, punctuation, and spelling? Does the writer use consistent and accurate citation and referencing styles? Feedback should help the writer to polish their language and style, and to avoid errors and plagiarism. For example, feedback could correct mistakes, suggest synonyms or paraphrases, or remind the writer of the citation and referencing rules.

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5 Feedback methods and strategies

The final important thing to look for when providing feedback on academic writing is how to deliver it in a way that is helpful, respectful, and motivating for the writer. How can you provide feedback that is specific, timely, and actionable? How can you balance positive and negative feedback, and avoid being too harsh or too vague? How can you encourage the writer to reflect on their own work, and to seek further feedback or assistance? Feedback should help the writer to learn from their strengths and weaknesses, and to improve their writing skills and confidence. For example, feedback could use the sandwich method, ask open-ended questions, or provide examples or resources.

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Penelope W.

Autism Engagement Advisor
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In my experience, it is important to balance the good with the bad. But I dont focus on thinking of it as bad, I like to think that praise is balanced with constructive feedback. If there is an area that has not been done well, I add what would improve it. I mostly assess lesson plans from initial teacher education and make sure that students focus on the ways to improve, rather than the bottom line, the grade. I also carefully design the marking rubrics to only cover yhe learning objectives of the assessment and only comment on anything outside the learning objective. For example errors of grammar, are not really the objective but still important.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Delicia Mandy Nugroho

Provisional PhD at the University of Leeds, School of Music | LPDP Awardee PK-241 | Assistant Professor of Music at Universitas Pelita Harapan
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The timing. One thing that could boost student's comprehension and improvements is the timing of your feedback. It is must be immediate and allow the students to have opportunities to improve.

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What are the most important things to look for when providing feedback on academic writing?

1

2

3

4

5

6

1 Purpose and audience

2 Structure and organization

3 Argument and evidence

4 Language and style

5 Feedback methods and strategies

6 Here’s what else to consider

Higher Education

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What are the most important things to look for when providing feedback on academic writing?

1

2

3

4

5

6

1 Purpose and audience

2 Structure and organization

3 Argument and evidence

4 Language and style

5 Feedback methods and strategies

6 Here’s what else to consider

Higher Education

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