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Last updated on 2024年9月25日

What are the most effective ways to optimize your HTML and CSS code for faster loading times?

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If you are a web designer, you know how important it is to make your website load fast and smoothly. A slow website can frustrate your visitors, lower your conversion rates, and hurt your SEO rankings. One of the key factors that affect your website's performance is the quality and size of your HTML and CSS code. In this article, you will learn some of the most effective ways to optimize your HTML and CSS code for faster loading times, without compromising your design or functionality.

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Ahamed M

Manager - Customer Success Engineering at Conviva | Performance Consultant | Ex Akamai , Catchpoint | #observability…
Rob Harris

Custom websites built to convert on HubSpot CMS for service based businesses | MD at Betta Webs | Web Design & HubSpot…

1 Minify your code

Minifying your code means removing any unnecessary characters, spaces, comments, or formatting from your HTML and CSS files. This reduces the file size and the number of HTTP requests that your browser needs to make to render your website. You can use various tools and plugins to minify your code automatically, such as HTMLMinifier, CSSNano, or UglifyJS.

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Abdullah Ahmed

CEO | Entrepreneur | Digital Innovator
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You might also want to check for unused CSS/JS using the browser's coverage tab. I recently reduced the size of a CSS file by 90% on one of my projects.

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2 Use external files

Instead of embedding your CSS and JavaScript code inside your HTML file, you should use external files that are linked to your HTML file. This way, you can avoid repeating the same code across multiple pages, and you can also cache your external files for faster loading. Caching means that your browser can store a copy of your files locally, so it doesn't have to download them every time you visit your website.

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3 Optimize your images

Images are often the largest and most resource-intensive elements on your website. To optimize your images, you should use the appropriate format, size, and compression for your needs. For example, you can use JPEG for photos, PNG for graphics with transparency, and SVG for vector images. You should also resize your images to fit your layout, and use tools like TinyPNG or ImageOptim to compress them without losing quality.

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Rob Harris

Custom websites built to convert on HubSpot CMS for service based businesses | MD at Betta Webs | Web Design & HubSpot CMS Web Development
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Optimising images is crucial for improving website performance. While JPEG, PNG, and SVG are commonly used formats, consider using more modern formats like WebP or AVIF for even better compression and quality. WebP offers significant file size reduction without sacrificing quality and is supported by most modern browsers. AVIF goes a step further, offering superior compression and better quality, although browser support is still growing. These formats can dramatically reduce the file size of your images, leading to faster page load times and a better user experience. Alongside this, continue to resize images to fit your layout and use image compression tools for optimal results.

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4 Use CSS sprites

CSS sprites are a technique that combines multiple images into one single image file, and then uses CSS to display only the part of the image that you need. This reduces the number of HTTP requests and the file size of your images, and also improves the rendering speed of your website. You can use tools like SpritePad or SpriteCow to create and manage your CSS sprites easily.

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Ahamed M

Manager - Customer Success Engineering at Conviva | Performance Consultant | Ex Akamai , Catchpoint | #observability #web_vital #AIOps
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Some times the Sprite file gets larger day by day if it is not maintained. Need to make sure the older images are removed regularly and only necessary images are part of the Sprite.

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Abdullah Ahmed

CEO | Entrepreneur | Digital Innovator
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In my experience, keeping track of changes and removing unused icons or image sections in a sprite is difficult. It adds an extra step to the process, and I haven't noticed much performance improvement when using sprites.

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5 Use a CSS preprocessor

A CSS preprocessor is a tool that allows you to write your CSS code using a more powerful and flexible syntax, and then compiles it into regular CSS code. Some of the benefits of using a CSS preprocessor are that you can use variables, mixins, functions, nesting, inheritance, and other features that make your code more readable, reusable, and maintainable. Some of the most popular CSS preprocessors are Sass, Less, and Stylus.

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6 Use a HTML templating engine

A HTML templating engine is a tool that allows you to write your HTML code using a more dynamic and modular syntax, and then generates the final HTML code for your website. Some of the benefits of using a HTML templating engine are that you can use variables, expressions, loops, conditions, partials, and other features that make your code more concise, consistent, and easy to update. Some of the most popular HTML templating engines are Handlebars, Pug, and EJS.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Ahamed M

Manager - Customer Success Engineering at Conviva | Performance Consultant | Ex Akamai , Catchpoint | #observability #web_vital #AIOps
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Use File compression Use Compression techniques like Gzip, Deflate, or Brotli to deliver the CSS and JS files in optimized size. Lower file size translates to quicker load times. Modern-day CDN providers offer on-the-fly file compression based on end-user device compatibility. For example Akamai A2 (adaptive acceleration product)

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What are the most effective ways to optimize your HTML and CSS code for faster loading times?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Minify your code

2 Use external files

3 Optimize your images

4 Use CSS sprites

5 Use a CSS preprocessor

6 Use a HTML templating engine

7 Here’s what else to consider

Web Design

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What are the most effective ways to optimize your HTML and CSS code for faster loading times?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Minify your code

2 Use external files

3 Optimize your images

4 Use CSS sprites

5 Use a CSS preprocessor

6 Use a HTML templating engine

7 Here’s what else to consider

Web Design

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