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What are the most effective emergency alert systems?

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Emergency alert systems are vital tools for communicating with the public during crises, such as natural disasters, terrorist attacks, or pandemics. They can help save lives, reduce panic, and coordinate response efforts. However, not all emergency alert systems are equally effective. Some may have technical limitations, low reach, or low trust among the recipients. In this article, you will learn about the most effective emergency alert systems, based on four criteria: speed, reliability, coverage, and credibility.

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1 Wireless Emergency Alerts

Wireless Emergency Alerts (WEA) are short messages that are broadcasted by cell towers to compatible mobile devices within a targeted area. They are issued by authorized government agencies, such as the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the National Weather Service (NWS), or local authorities. They can alert you about imminent threats, such as tornadoes, floods, or active shooters, or provide critical information, such as evacuation orders, shelter locations, or public health measures. WEA are fast, reliable, and widespread, reaching millions of people in seconds. However, they may not be very credible, as some people may ignore or dismiss them as spam or hoaxes.

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Randy Watson, IAAI-CFI, IAAI-CI, CFEI, CVFI

Director, Technical Training / Past President, International Association of Arson Investigators
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This would seem to be one of the more effective alert systems. Not everyone is on social media. However, most people are never far from their cell phone.

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2 Emergency Alert System

The Emergency Alert System (EAS) is a national public warning system that uses radio and television stations, cable and satellite providers, and other media outlets to deliver emergency messages. It is activated by the President of the United States or designated state and local officials. It can provide detailed information and instructions about various types of emergencies, such as nuclear attacks, chemical spills, or civil unrest. EAS is reliable and credible, as it uses trusted sources and channels. However, it may not be very fast, as it depends on the availability and cooperation of the broadcasters. It may also not have a wide coverage, as some people may not have access to or use the media devices.

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3 Social Media

Social media platforms, such as Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram, are increasingly used as emergency alert systems by both official and unofficial sources. They can offer real-time updates, interactive features, and user-generated content about crises. They can also facilitate information sharing, collaboration, and feedback among the public and the responders. Social media are fast and have a large coverage, as they can reach and engage a diverse and global audience. However, they may not be very reliable or credible, as they may contain false, misleading, or inaccurate information. They may also be vulnerable to cyberattacks, censorship, or manipulation.

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Joe E.

Experienced Business Continuity Manager | Bridging Resilience in Public and Private Sectors | Expert in Business Continuity Mitigation and Business Resiliency
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Social media has become the primary form of notification for a large number of the population. Unlike mass notification systems that require registration a social media presence allows you to reach those that might be visiting or temporarily located in the alert area. It is important that this source not be overused as many people will disregard notices if they see too many alerts not dealing with emergency notifications. Like all other forms of communication social media should be part of a broader program and not the sole source.

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4 Sirens and Speakers

Sirens and speakers are traditional emergency alert systems that use loud and distinctive sounds or voice messages to warn the public about imminent dangers. They are usually installed in strategic locations, such as public buildings, schools, or highways. They are operated by local authorities, such as police, fire, or emergency management departments. They can alert you about hazards, such as fires, earthquakes, or tsunamis, or instruct you to take shelter, evacuate, or stay calm. Sirens and speakers are reliable and credible, as they are directly controlled by the officials. However, they may not be very fast or have a wide coverage, as they may not be heard or understood by everyone, especially those who are indoors, far away, or have hearing impairments.

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Joe E.

Experienced Business Continuity Manager | Bridging Resilience in Public and Private Sectors | Expert in Business Continuity Mitigation and Business Resiliency
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A misconception among the public is that they should be able to hear an outdoor warning siren while they are indoors. It is important for emergency manager to emphasize that the purpose of the outdoor siren is to alert you to seek shelter indoors. As homes become more and more energy efficient it will be even harder for those indoors to hear a siren. An public education program should emphasize this and steer people to other forms of notification while indoors such as NOAA weather radio.

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5 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Rocco Sainato CBCI

HSEQ Mgmt System and Emergency and Crisis - Digital Champion for HSEQ processes - Certified Business Continuity Expert
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There is no a unique answer to this question. In every situation (public emergency or work related) it is necessary to assess the best solution considering a lot of parameters such as availability of internet or other means of connectivity, distribution of personnel (concentrated or distributed in remote locations). But the main point is that the solution adopted need to be well known by all the involved population

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What are the most effective emergency alert systems?

1

2

3

4

5

1 Wireless Emergency Alerts

2 Emergency Alert System

3 Social Media

4 Sirens and Speakers

5 Here’s what else to consider

Emergency Management

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What are the most effective emergency alert systems?

1

2

3

4

5

1 Wireless Emergency Alerts

2 Emergency Alert System

3 Social Media

4 Sirens and Speakers

5 Here’s what else to consider

Emergency Management

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