What are the key domains to include in your infrastructure security audit and assessment?

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Infrastructure security audit and assessment is a vital process to identify and mitigate the risks and vulnerabilities that may compromise the availability, integrity, and confidentiality of your IT systems and data. It involves reviewing and testing various domains of your infrastructure, such as network, servers, applications, databases, and cloud services, to ensure they comply with the best practices and standards of security. In this article, we will discuss what are the key domains to include in your infrastructure security audit and assessment and why they are important.

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1 Network security

Network security is the domain that covers the protection of your network devices, such as routers, switches, firewalls, and wireless access points, as well as the communication channels between them. Network security audit and assessment aims to verify that your network is configured and managed securely, with proper access control, encryption, segmentation, monitoring, and logging. It also checks for any vulnerabilities or misconfigurations that may expose your network to external or internal attacks, such as unauthorized access, denial-of-service, or data leakage.

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Shakeeb Rahmati

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A comprehensive infrastructure security audit and assessment should cover several key domains to ensure the overall security of the infrastructure. The following are some important domains to include Network Security: Assess the security measures in place to protect the infrastructure's network, including firewalls, intrusion detection systems, and network segmentation (IAM): Examine the processes and controls in place to manage user identities, authentication, and authorization, including user provisioning, password policies, and multi-factor authentication Assess the physical safeguards in place to protect the infrastructure, such as access controls to data centers, video surveillance, and environmental controls

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2 Server security

Server security is the domain that covers the protection of your server hardware and software, such as operating systems, web servers, application servers, and file servers. Server security audit and assessment aims to verify that your servers are patched, updated, and hardened according to the security best practices and benchmarks, such as CIS or NIST. It also checks for any vulnerabilities or weaknesses that may compromise your server performance, availability, or data integrity, such as malware, ransomware, privilege escalation, or data corruption.

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Shakeeb Rahmati

Bachelor of Science
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Review the security of operating systems, both on servers and endpoints, including patches and updates, access controls, and secure configurations

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3 Application security

Application security is the domain that covers the protection of your software applications, such as web applications, mobile applications, or desktop applications. Application security audit and assessment aims to verify that your applications are developed, deployed, and maintained securely, with proper coding standards, testing methods, and security controls. It also checks for any vulnerabilities or flaws that may affect your application functionality, usability, or data security, such as injection, cross-site scripting, broken authentication, or sensitive data exposure.

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4 Database security

Database security is the domain that covers the protection of your data storage and processing systems, such as relational databases, NoSQL databases, or data warehouses. Database security audit and assessment aims to verify that your databases are designed, implemented, and operated securely, with proper data governance, access control, encryption, backup, and recovery. It also checks for any vulnerabilities or risks that may jeopardize your data quality, availability, or confidentiality, such as data breaches, data loss, or data tampering.

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Shakeeb Rahmati

Bachelor of Science
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Evaluate the protection of sensitive data, such as personal or financial information, through encryption, access controls, and data backups

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5 Cloud security

Cloud security is the domain that covers the protection of your cloud-based services and resources, such as infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS), platform-as-a-service (PaaS), or software-as-a-service (SaaS). Cloud security audit and assessment aims to verify that your cloud environment is configured and managed securely, with proper cloud security policies, roles, permissions, and tools. It also checks for any vulnerabilities or threats that may impact your cloud reliability, scalability, or cost-efficiency, such as misconfiguration, unauthorized access, data leakage, or vendor lock-in.

By including these key domains in your infrastructure security audit and assessment, you can gain a comprehensive and holistic view of your IT security posture and performance, and identify the gaps and opportunities for improvement. You can also ensure that your infrastructure meets the regulatory and compliance requirements, and aligns with your business objectives and strategies.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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What are the key domains to include in your infrastructure security audit and assessment?

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1 Network security

2 Server security

3 Application security

4 Database security

5 Cloud security

6 Here’s what else to consider

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