What are the key differences between vehicle network protocols used in gasoline and diesel engines?

1 CAN bus protocol

The most common vehicle network protocol is the controller area network (CAN) bus, which was developed by Bosch in the 1980s. It is a serial communication system that allows multiple devices to exchange data on a single wire, reducing the wiring complexity and cost. CAN bus is widely used in gasoline and diesel engines, as well as in hybrid and electric vehicles. However, there are different versions of CAN bus, such as CAN 2.0A, CAN 2.0B, CAN FD, and ISO 11898, that have different data rates, frame formats, and error detection mechanisms.

2 LIN bus protocol

Another vehicle network protocol is the local interconnect network (LIN) bus, which was created by a consortium of automakers and suppliers in the late 1990s. It is a low-speed, low-cost, and simple communication system that connects devices that do not require high bandwidth or reliability, such as switches, lights, and sensors. LIN bus is often used as a sub-network of CAN bus, providing a hierarchical structure and reducing the load on the main bus. LIN bus is more common in gasoline engines than in diesel engines, as it can handle the lower voltage levels and the less stringent emission standards.

3 FlexRay protocol

A newer vehicle network protocol is the FlexRay protocol, which was developed by a group of companies led by BMW and Daimler in the early 2000s. It is a high-speed, deterministic, and fault-tolerant communication system that supports both synchronous and asynchronous data transmission. FlexRay protocol is designed for safety-critical and time-sensitive applications, such as advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), steering, braking, and suspension. FlexRay protocol is more prevalent in diesel engines than in gasoline engines, as it can cope with the higher noise levels and the more complex control algorithms.

4 Ethernet protocol

The latest vehicle network protocol is the Ethernet protocol, which is based on the standard network technology used in computers and the internet. It is a fast, scalable, and flexible communication system that enables data exchange between different domains, such as infotainment, telematics, and diagnostics. Ethernet protocol can also support audio and video streaming, cloud connectivity, and over-the-air updates. Ethernet protocol is not specific to gasoline or diesel engines, but it is expected to become more widespread in the future, as vehicles become more connected and intelligent.

These are some of the key differences between vehicle network protocols used in gasoline and diesel engines. As you can see, each protocol has its own advantages and disadvantages, depending on the requirements and characteristics of the engine type. By understanding how these protocols work, you can improve your electronic engineering skills and knowledge, and make better decisions when designing, testing, or troubleshooting vehicle systems.

5 Here’s what else to consider

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