What are the emerging technologies and innovations that can improve airport environmental performance?

1 Renewable Energy Sources

One of the main ways to reduce the carbon footprint of airports is to switch to renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, biomass or geothermal power. Many airports around the world have already installed solar panels, wind turbines, biogas plants or geothermal systems to generate electricity or heat for their operations. For example, Cochin International Airport in India became the first airport in the world to run entirely on solar power in 2015, saving about 300,000 tons of carbon emissions per year.

2 Electric and Hybrid Vehicles

Another way to cut down on emissions and noise is to replace fossil-fuel vehicles with electric or hybrid ones, both on the ground and in the air. Electric or hybrid buses, cars, trucks, tugs, loaders and pushbacks can reduce fuel consumption and maintenance costs, as well as improve air quality and noise levels. Some airports, such as Amsterdam Schiphol and London Heathrow, have also introduced electric or hybrid taxiing systems, which allow aircraft to move on the ground without using their engines, saving fuel and emissions.

3 Green Buildings and Infrastructure

The design and construction of airport buildings and infrastructure can also have a significant impact on the environment, as they consume energy, water and materials. To minimize this impact, airport managers can adopt green building standards and practices, such as using natural light and ventilation, installing energy-efficient lighting and appliances, implementing water-saving devices and recycling systems, using low-carbon or recycled materials, and integrating green spaces and biodiversity features. For example, Singapore Changi Airport's Terminal 4 features a green wall with over 20,000 plants, a rainwater harvesting system, and a skylight that adjusts to the sun's position.

5 Collaboration and Stakeholder Engagement

Finally, airport managers cannot achieve environmental excellence without collaborating and engaging with other stakeholders, such as airlines, regulators, local communities, suppliers and customers. By sharing best practices, setting common goals and standards, and creating partnerships and alliances, airport managers can leverage the collective expertise, resources and influence of the aviation sector and beyond. For example, the Airport Carbon Accreditation program, launched in 2009, is a voluntary initiative that recognizes and certifies airports that reduce their carbon emissions, with over 300 airports participating worldwide.