登录查看更多内容

What are the emerging technologies and innovations that can improve radiation detection and measurement?

由人工智能和领英社区提供技术支持

Radiation is a form of energy that can travel through space and matter. It can be natural or artificial, and it can have beneficial or harmful effects on human health. In this article, you will learn about the sources, types, and doses of radiation, as well as the health effects and risks of exposure. You will also discover some of the emerging technologies and innovations that can improve radiation detection and measurement.

此文章中的业界达人

由社区从 3 条内容中精选。了解更多

Kamie Wagar

1 Sources of radiation

Radiation can come from various sources, both natural and artificial. Natural sources include cosmic rays from outer space, radioactive elements in the earth's crust, and radon gas that seeps from the soil. Artificial sources include medical procedures, such as X-rays and radiotherapy, nuclear power plants, industrial activities, and nuclear weapons. The amount of radiation exposure from different sources varies depending on the location, duration, and frequency of exposure.

添加您的观点

Kamie Wagar
举报内容
Natural sources should also include ultraviolet (UV) radiation given off by the Sun. People tend to underestimate the effects UV radiation can have on their health—good and bad.

已翻译

赞

2 Types of radiation

Radiation can be classified into two main types: ionizing and non-ionizing. Ionizing radiation has enough energy to knock off electrons from atoms and molecules, creating charged particles called ions. This can damage the DNA and cells of living organisms, leading to mutations, cancers, and other health problems. Examples of ionizing radiation are alpha, beta, gamma, and neutron rays. Non-ionizing radiation has lower energy and does not create ions. It can still affect the biological functions of living organisms, but usually in less harmful ways. Examples of non-ionizing radiation are ultraviolet, visible, infrared, microwave, and radio waves.

添加您的观点

Kamie Wagar
举报内容
Although ultraviolet radiation is considered less harmful when compared to ionizing types of radiation, I disagree with phrasing it in that way. Ultraviolet is becoming more of a threat due to ozone depletion and the culture of tanning. More and more people, more concerning is that of teenagers, are becoming diagnosed with skin cancer due to too much exposure to UV radiation.

已翻译

赞

3 Doses of radiation

The dose of radiation is a measure of how much energy is absorbed by a unit mass of tissue. It is expressed in units of gray (Gy) or sievert (Sv). The gray measures the physical amount of energy deposited, while the sievert measures the biological effect of the radiation, taking into account the type and sensitivity of the tissue. The average background radiation dose for a person in the world is about 2.4 mSv per year, while the limit for occupational exposure is 20 mSv per year. The dose of radiation that can cause acute radiation syndrome, a life-threatening condition, is about 1 Sv or more.

添加您的观点

4 Health effects of radiation

The health effects of radiation vary depending on the dose, type, and duration of exposure, as well as the individual susceptibility and genetic factors. Short-term effects may occur within hours or days of exposure to high doses of radiation, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, headache, fatigue, skin burns, hair loss, and blood disorders. These symptoms are part of the acute radiation syndrome which can be fatal or require intensive medical care. Long-term effects may occur after months or years of exposure to low or moderate doses of radiation. These include an increased risk of developing certain cancers such as leukemia, thyroid, breast, lung and skin cancer. Additionally, genetic effects such as mutations, chromosomal aberrations and birth defects in the offspring of exposed individuals can also arise. These effects are often delayed and difficult to attribute to radiation exposure due to other influencing factors.

添加您的观点

Kamie Wagar
举报内容
This is why I wanted to make sure UV radiation isn’t taken as not serious. It used to be more common that people were diagnosed with skin cancer after already having children. Now, people are waiting later in life to have kids, and more teenagers are being diagnosed. This increases the risk of genetic implications on offspring.

已翻译

赞

5 Risks of radiation

The risks of radiation are the probabilities of experiencing adverse health effects due to radiation exposure. They are influenced by the dose-response relationship, which describes how the severity and frequency of effects vary with the dose. There are two main models of dose-response relationship: the linear no-threshold model and the threshold model. The linear no-threshold model assumes that there is no safe level of radiation exposure, and that any dose can cause some harm. The threshold model assumes that there is a minimum level of radiation exposure below which no harm occurs. The scientific consensus is that the linear no-threshold model is more appropriate for estimating the risks of low-dose radiation exposure.

添加您的观点

6 Technologies and innovations

Radiation detection and measurement can be improved through a range of technologies and innovations, such as portable devices, remote sensing, and artificial intelligence. Portable devices, like personal dosimeters, Geiger counters, and spectrometers, are handheld or wearable and can detect and measure radiation levels in real time. Remote sensing uses satellites, drones, or other platforms to map and assess large areas from a distance. Artificial intelligence is used to enhance the accuracy, speed, and reliability of radiation detection and measurement with machine learning, neural networks, and computer vision.

添加您的观点

7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

添加您的观点

Environmental Health

+ 关注

给文章评分

我们借助人工智能创建了此文章。您认为这篇文章怎么样？

很棒不太好

举报此文章

查看全部

What are the emerging technologies and innovations that can improve radiation detection and measurement?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Sources of radiation

2 Types of radiation

3 Doses of radiation

4 Health effects of radiation

5 Risks of radiation

6 Technologies and innovations

7 Here’s what else to consider

Environmental Health

给文章评分

感谢您的反馈

更多Environmental Health相关文章

更多相关阅读内容