What do you do if you're facing complex problems in Operations Research?

1 Clarify the problem

The first step is to understand the problem clearly and precisely. What is the goal or purpose of the problem? What are the relevant inputs, outputs, constraints, and criteria? Who are the stakeholders and what are their preferences and expectations? How will the problem and the solution be measured and evaluated? You can use techniques such as problem structuring methods, stakeholder analysis, and SMART objectives to clarify the problem and its scope.

2 Choose the method

The next step is to choose the appropriate method or technique to model and solve the problem. There are many OR methods available, such as mathematical programming, simulation, game theory, decision analysis, and multicriteria analysis. Each method has its own assumptions, advantages, and limitations. You should consider the characteristics of the problem, the availability and quality of data, the computational resources and time, and the level of detail and accuracy required. You can also use a combination of methods or adapt existing methods to suit your problem.

3 Apply the method

The third step is to apply the method or technique to the problem. This involves collecting and processing data, formulating and validating the model, performing the analysis, and generating and testing the solutions. You should follow the steps and rules of the method or technique carefully and rigorously, and use appropriate software tools and algorithms. You should also check the validity, reliability, and sensitivity of the model and the solutions, and identify any errors, uncertainties, or limitations.

4 Interpret the results

The fourth step is to interpret the results and draw conclusions from the analysis. What do the results mean and how do they relate to the problem and the goal? What are the main findings and insights? What are the strengths and weaknesses of the solutions? How do the solutions compare and contrast with each other and with the existing or alternative solutions? You should use techniques such as graphical displays, summary statistics, scenario analysis, and trade-off analysis to interpret the results and communicate them effectively.

5 Implement the solution

The fifth step is to implement the solution and monitor its performance. How will the solution be executed and delivered? What are the resources, costs, risks, and benefits involved? How will the solution be evaluated and improved over time? Who are the responsible and accountable parties for the implementation and the outcomes? You should use techniques such as project management, risk management, and feedback loops to implement the solution and ensure its quality and sustainability.

6 Review the process

The final step is to review the process and reflect on the learning. How did the process go and what were the challenges and opportunities? What were the successes and failures? What were the lessons learned and best practices? How can the process be improved and replicated for future problems? You should use techniques such as after-action reviews, SWOT analysis, and continuous improvement to review the process and enhance your OR problem-solving skills.

7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?