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What do you do if you need to choose the best HVAC system for your small commercial building?

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Choosing the best HVAC system for your small commercial building is not a simple task. You need to consider many factors, such as the size, layout, occupancy, and location of your building, as well as your budget, energy efficiency goals, and maintenance needs. In this article, we will guide you through the main steps and options to help you make an informed decision.

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Luke Timmins

Utility-Scale and Distributed Renewable Energy Policy, Development Platform Operations, Investments and Running…

1 Assess your needs

The first step is to assess your current and future needs for heating, cooling, ventilation, and air quality in your building. You can use tools such as energy audits, load calculations, and building simulations to estimate the demand and performance of different HVAC systems. You should also evaluate the existing conditions and constraints of your building, such as the available space, electrical capacity, insulation, and ductwork.

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Luke Timmins

Utility-Scale and Distributed Renewable Energy Policy, Development Platform Operations, Investments and Running Assets. IPP and ESaaS in Emerging Economies.
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I would focus on HVAC configurations with higher COP and VRF systems that enable precise zone management. Integrating these systems with a BMS is essential for effective energy monitoring. From a financial perspective, adopting HVAC as a Service can significantly reduce initial costs, while engaging in performance contracting creates a direct link between expense and energy savings. Additionally, the use of advanced AHUs and environmentally considerate cooling towers is good for maintaining efficient operations.

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Lou Grounds

HVAC Sales Engineer
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Looking back, I’ve never done a small or any commercial building So please take me off this list My 40 year career was HVAC process, industrial, oil, gas, military, agricultural indoor grow. Not one commercial bldg

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2 Compare different types

When comparing the different types of HVAC systems for small commercial buildings, the most common ones are split systems, packaged systems, heat pumps, and variable refrigerant flow (VRF) systems. Split systems consist of an outdoor unit with a compressor and a condenser, and an indoor unit with an evaporator and a fan. They are connected by refrigerant pipes and electrical wires, and are flexible, easy to install, and can provide both heating and cooling. Packaged systems combine the components of a split system into one outdoor unit that is connected to ducts that distribute the conditioned air throughout the building. They are compact, convenient, and can include additional features like air filters, humidifiers, and economizers. Heat pumps are similar to split or packaged systems but can reverse the flow of refrigerant to provide both heating and cooling. Lastly, VRF systems are advanced versions of split systems that use multiple indoor units that can operate independently and adjust the refrigerant flow according to the demand. They are modular, adaptable, and can offer simultaneous heating and cooling.

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Grant Getts, P.E.

Mechanical Project Engineer at Van Boerum and Frank Associates
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Some important items to consider when comparing different types of HVAC systems are: 1. Estimated costs: first cost, energy cost (based on a detailed energy model of the specific building), maintenance cost, replacement cost. 2. Net Present value analysis: shows 40+ year costs for the system. Cheaper systems needing replacement more often may be more costly long term. Energy efficient systems can also cost less over time. 3. Building effects: floor space required, weight of system (structural impact), ceiling space required, etc. 4. System capabilities: longevity, scalability, flexibility, redundancy, is it centrally maintainable, etc.

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3 Consider energy efficiency

The third step is to consider the energy efficiency of each type of HVAC system and how it can affect your operating costs and environmental impact. You can use metrics such as the seasonal energy efficiency ratio (SEER), the heating seasonal performance factor (HSPF), and the coefficient of performance (COP) to compare the energy consumption and output of different systems. You can also look for systems that have the Energy Star label, which indicates that they meet or exceed the minimum efficiency standards set by the government.

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4 Factor in maintenance

The fourth step is to factor in the maintenance requirements and costs of each type of HVAC system and how they can affect your reliability and longevity. You should consider the frequency and complexity of the maintenance tasks, such as cleaning, replacing, or repairing the components, filters, ducts, and pipes. You should also check the warranty and service agreements that come with each system and how they can cover the potential repairs or replacements.

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5 Consult a professional

The final step is to consult a professional HVAC contractor or engineer who can help you finalize your choice and install your system properly. A professional can provide you with expert advice, recommendations, and estimates based on your specific needs and preferences. They can also ensure that your system complies with the local codes and standards and that it operates safely and efficiently.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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What do you do if you need to choose the best HVAC system for your small commercial building?

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1 Assess your needs

2 Compare different types

3 Consider energy efficiency

4 Factor in maintenance

5 Consult a professional

6 Here’s what else to consider

Energy Engineering

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