What are the differences between venv, virtualenv, and pyenv?

2 About virtualenv

Before venv was introduced, virtualenv was the go-to tool for creating isolated Python environments. It is still widely used, especially for versions of Python older than 3.3. virtualenv creates environments that are very similar to those created by venv , but it offers more customization options, such as the ability to choose which Python interpreter to copy into the environment. It's also capable of creating environments for Python 2.x, which venv does not support.

3 Pyenv explained

pyenv is a bit different from venv and virtualenv . Its primary purpose is to enable the installation and management of multiple Python versions on a single system. This can be particularly useful when you need to test your code against different versions of Python or manage projects that require different Python versions. Unlike the other tools, pyenv doesn't inherently create isolated environments, but it can be used in conjunction with tools like pyenv-virtualenv to manage virtual environments alongside version management.

4 Comparing features

When comparing venv , virtualenv , and pyenv , it's important to consider their feature sets. venv is built into Python and provides the basics for creating isolated environments. virtualenv offers more features, including support for earlier Python versions and more customization. On the other hand, pyenv focuses on managing multiple Python versions and can be extended to handle virtual environments with additional plugins.

5 Use cases

Your choice among venv , virtualenv , and pyenv often depends on your specific needs. If you're working with Python 3.3+ and need a simple solution with no frills, venv is likely sufficient. For projects that must run on older Python versions or require more customization, virtualenv may be the better choice. If you need to switch between multiple Python versions frequently, pyenv is indispensable, especially when combined with virtual environment management tools.

6 Workflow integration

Integrating these tools into your workflow can greatly enhance your development process. You might use venv for its simplicity and because it's included with Python. Or you might opt for virtualenv if you need its advanced features or compatibility with older Python releases. If managing multiple Python versions is critical, pyenv becomes a key part of your toolkit. By understanding the strengths of each tool, you can make informed decisions that align with your project requirements and personal preferences.

7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?