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What are the best ways to incorporate statistical graphics into your training materials?

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Statistical graphics are powerful tools to communicate complex data and patterns in a visual and intuitive way. They can enhance your training materials by making them more engaging, informative, and memorable. But how can you choose and design the right graphics for your training objectives and audience? Here are some tips to help you incorporate statistical graphics into your training materials effectively.

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Mahsa Zamanifard

Data Analyst
Ricardo Galante

Advanced Analytics & Artificial Intelligence Advisor | Data Science & Artificial Intelligence Lecturer | PhD Candidate
Everton Valério

Analista de Dados | Informa??es Gerenciais | Estatística | SQL | SAS | Power BI

1 Know your data

Before you decide what kind of graphic to use, you need to understand your data and what you want to show with it. What are the main variables, relationships, trends, or comparisons that you want to highlight? What are the scales, units, and distributions of your data? How much detail and precision do you need to convey? These questions will help you narrow down your options and select the most appropriate graphic for your data.

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Ricardo Galante

Advanced Analytics & Artificial Intelligence Advisor | Data Science & Artificial Intelligence Lecturer | PhD Candidate
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Understanding the data is extremely important for making informed decisions, developing effective models, and achieving meaningful insights. The process of getting to know your data, often referred to as "data exploration" or "data profiling," involves examining the data's characteristics, identifying patterns, and assessing its quality. Good steps to understand the data are: . Explore the Data Structure . Conduct Data Cleaning and Preprocessing . Make Descriptive Statistics . Visualize the Data . Check the Data Dimensionality . Verify Possibles Data Type Conversion . Identify Data Quality Issues . Explore Data Relationships . Document Data Insights . Continuous Data Monitoring

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2 Know your audience

Another important factor to consider is your audience and their level of familiarity and interest in your topic. Who are they, what are their backgrounds, and what are their expectations and goals? How much prior knowledge and experience do they have with statistics and graphics? How will they access and interact with your training materials? These questions will help you tailor your graphics to your audience's needs and preferences.

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Everton Valério

Analista de Dados | Informa??es Gerenciais | Estatística | SQL | SAS | Power BI
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Conhecer o público é essencial para quem vai comunicar dados e gráficos. N?o adianta utilizar as técnicas mais avan?adas e robustas para transmitir uma mensagem para um público que n?o é técnico e estatístico. Será desgastante ter que apresentar todos os gráficos que seriam para otimizar a apresenta??o e gerar reflex?es no cliente.

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3 Choose the right type of graphic

Statistical graphics come in many forms, each with their own advantages and disadvantages. Common examples include bar charts for categorical or discrete data, line charts for continuous data, scatter plots for bivariate data, pie charts for parts of a whole, histograms for univariate data, and box plots for univariate or multivariate data. You can also combine or modify these types of graphics to create more intricate ones, such as stacked bar charts or violin plots. However, take caution not to overwhelm your audience with too much information or too many elements.

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Ricardo Galante

Advanced Analytics & Artificial Intelligence Advisor | Data Science & Artificial Intelligence Lecturer | PhD Candidate
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Different types of graphics are suited for different types of data and purposes. . Categorical data: Use bar charts, pie charts, or stacked bar charts to compare categories or proportions. . Numerical data: Use line charts, scatter plots, or histograms to represent trends, relationships, or distribution. . Both categorical and numerical data: Use bubble charts, heatmaps, or contour maps to visualize interactions and patterns. Are you trying to compare data? . Comparing values: Use bar charts, line charts, or scatter plots. . Highlighting proportions: Use pie charts or stacked bar charts. . Analyzing trends: Use line charts or scatter plots. . Illustrating distribution: Use histograms, box plots, or density plots.

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4 Follow the principles of good design

When designing a graphic, it's important to make sure it is clear and attractive. Titles, labels, legends, and captions should be used to explain the graphic's purpose. Consistent colors, shapes, and symbols should be used to represent data and highlight key points. Additionally, appropriate scales, axes, and grids should be used to organize data and show its magnitude and direction. Spacing, alignment, and balance should be utilized to create a harmonious and readable layout. Simple fonts, styles, and effects should be used to enhance the graphic without causing clutter or distraction. Software tools such as Excel, R, Tableau or Canva can help create and edit graphics; however, accuracy, clarity, and relevance should always be verified before including them in training materials.

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Mahsa Zamanifard

Data Analyst
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Every visual information is a cognitive load for the audience, therefore, a cluttered visualization can cause confusion or disinterest! I try to follow the Gestalt Principles of Visual Perception, these principles focus on showing how complex designs can be reduced to simpler shapes, resulting in faster and easier communication. More insights on this topic can be found in the book: Storytelling With Data by Cole Nussbaumer Knaflic.

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Ncube Bongani

Data Scientist | R| Biostatistics| | Wellcome Trust Deltas Africa SSACAB 11 fellow
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Humans are visual species by nature , we learn more from pictures than words hence a good graphic should follow the principles of good design such as good mixture of colors , good graphics layout and proper labeling

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5 Test and evaluate your graphics

Finally, you need to test and evaluate your graphics to make sure they achieve your training objectives and meet your audience's expectations. To do this, you can ask for feedback from colleagues, peers, or experts on design, content, and message. Additionally, you can conduct usability tests with your target audience or a sample group to observe how they understand, interpret, and react to the graphics and their data. Furthermore, measure the impact of your graphics on training outcomes such as engagement, retention, comprehension, or application. You can use surveys, interviews, observations, or analytics to collect and analyze feedback and then use this information to modify or improve your graphics or training materials as needed.

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Evgeny Bakin

Biostatistician | Data Scientist | Educator
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One good test is to ask your colleague to explain the main idea of a chart without presenting it. This will show a self-explanatory level of this visualization.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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What are the best ways to incorporate statistical graphics into your training materials?

1

2

3

4

5

6

1 Know your data

2 Know your audience

3 Choose the right type of graphic

4 Follow the principles of good design

5 Test and evaluate your graphics

6 Here’s what else to consider

Statistics

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What are the best ways to incorporate statistical graphics into your training materials?

1

2

3

4

5

6

1 Know your data

2 Know your audience

3 Choose the right type of graphic

4 Follow the principles of good design

5 Test and evaluate your graphics

6 Here’s what else to consider

Statistics

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