登录查看更多内容

What is the best way to measure quantum computer performance?

由人工智能和领英社区提供技术支持

Quantum computers are a new paradigm of computing that promise to solve some of the most complex problems in science, cryptography, and optimization. However, quantum computers are also very sensitive to noise, errors, and interference, which limit their reliability and scalability. How can we evaluate the performance of quantum computers and compare them with classical computers? In this article, we will explore some of the metrics and methods that are used to measure quantum computer performance, such as quantum volume, quantum error correction, and fault tolerance.

此文章中的业界达人

由社区从 3 条内容中精选。了解更多

Gireesh Kumar N
Alexander Jahn

Man lernt nie aus.

1 Quantum volume

Quantum volume is a metric that combines several aspects of quantum computer performance, such as the number of qubits, the coherence time, the gate fidelity, the connectivity, and the circuit depth. Quantum volume is defined as the largest square circuit that can be executed on a quantum computer with a success probability of at least 2/3. The higher the quantum volume, the more complex and reliable the quantum computer is. Quantum volume is a useful benchmark for comparing different quantum hardware platforms and architectures.

添加您的观点

Gireesh Kumar N
举报内容
Quantum Volume tries to capture performance of a gate-based quantum computer in a single metric, used for benchmarking quantum computers. Companies like IBM & Quantinuum have adopted this. The overall concept and the protocol behind calculation of the metric can be difficult to understand, as it tries to capture many aspects of the quantum computer which include number of qubits, circuit depth, quality of qubits and gates, topology or qubits connectivity, and transpiler/compiler and its optimization configurations. Qiskit text book has a great explanation of steps involved in the calculation of Quantum Volume with example code. Please note some organizations have adopted different metric, for example IonQ uses Algorithmic Qubits.

已翻译

赞

2 Quantum error correction

Quantum error correction is a technique that allows quantum computers to correct the errors that occur due to noise, decoherence, or faulty operations. Quantum error correction involves encoding logical qubits into physical qubits using special codes, such as the surface code or the toric code, and performing error detection and correction procedures using ancillary qubits and syndrome measurements. Quantum error correction is essential for achieving fault-tolerant quantum computing, which means that the quantum computer can perform any computation without losing its quantum advantage.

添加您的观点

Gireesh Kumar N
举报内容
QEC offers to realize the promise of quantum computers. QEC in general has three steps – error detection, identification and correction. Quality of physical qubits & gate operations have significant impact on effectiveness of QEC for scale. Current estimates are that we need nearly 1000 qubits to realize one logical qubit. Hardware providers like IBM and Google are making progress. Companies like QCTRL are enabling QEC through firmware stabilizing the qubits against decoherence and noise. QEC is still a research topic and we have not seen practical implementations yet. There is ongoing research to develop more efficient QEC, improving hardware designs, adoption of hybrid codes and also exploring machine learning.

已翻译

赞

3 Fault tolerance

Fault tolerance is a measure of how resilient a quantum computer is to errors and faults. Fault tolerance depends on the error rate of the quantum hardware, the error threshold of the quantum error correction code, and the overhead of the error correction procedures. Fault tolerance is expressed as the number of logical qubits that can be implemented with a given physical qubit budget and a given error rate. Fault tolerance is a key indicator of the scalability and feasibility of quantum computing for practical applications.

添加您的观点

4 Quantum supremacy

Quantum supremacy is a term that refers to the demonstration of a quantum computer performing a task that is impossible or intractable for a classical computer. Quantum supremacy is a milestone for quantum computing, as it shows the potential of quantum computers to solve problems that are beyond the reach of classical computers. However, quantum supremacy is not a universal measure of quantum computer performance, as it depends on the specific task, the algorithm, and the assumptions about the classical computer.

添加您的观点

Alexander Jahn

Man lernt nie aus.
举报内容
Beim Pool-Billard ist kein Computer der Welt dazu f?hig, die Lage aller Kugeln nach dem ersten Sto? zu berechnen. Wenn der erste Sto? jedoch ausgeführt wird, bleiben kurze Zeit sp?ter alle Kugeln in ihrer Endposition liegen. Dabei handelt es sich um die Position, deren Berechnung mit Computern nicht m?glich ist. Bedeutet das jetzt, dass der Billard-Tisch eine Quantenüberlegenheit hat? Es ist immer m?glich, ein Problem zu entwerfen, dessen L?sung auf klassische Weise nicht berechnet werden kann. Allerdings handelt es sich dann oft um ein Problem, dessen L?sung niemand gebrauchen kann. Au?erdem kann der Quantencomputer, der zu dieser Problemstellung gebaut wurde, oft nur dieses spezielle Problem l?sen. So, wie der oben erw?hnte Billard-Tisch.

已翻译

赞

5 Quantum advantage

Quantum advantage is a broader concept than quantum supremacy, as it refers to the demonstration of a quantum computer performing a task that is more useful, efficient, or cost-effective than a classical computer. Quantum advantage is a more practical and relevant measure of quantum computer performance, as it shows the value of quantum computers for real-world problems and applications. Quantum advantage can be achieved for different domains, such as optimization, machine learning, simulation, or cryptography.

添加您的观点

6 Quantum metrics comparison

Quantum metrics comparison is a method that compares the performance of quantum computers with classical computers using common metrics, such as speed, accuracy, energy, or cost. Quantum metrics comparison is a challenging and nuanced task, as it requires a fair and realistic comparison of the hardware, software, and algorithms of both quantum and classical computers. Quantum metrics comparison can help to identify the strengths and weaknesses of quantum computers, and to guide the development and improvement of quantum computing technologies.

添加您的观点

7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

添加您的观点

Computer Engineering

+ 关注

给文章评分

我们借助人工智能创建了此文章。您认为这篇文章怎么样？

很棒不太好

举报此文章

查看全部

What is the best way to measure quantum computer performance?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Quantum volume

2 Quantum error correction

3 Fault tolerance

4 Quantum supremacy

5 Quantum advantage

6 Quantum metrics comparison

7 Here’s what else to consider

Computer Engineering

给文章评分

感谢您的反馈

更多Computer Engineering相关文章

更多相关阅读内容

What is the best way to measure quantum computer performance?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Quantum volume

2 Quantum error correction

3 Fault tolerance

4 Quantum supremacy

5 Quantum advantage

6 Quantum metrics comparison

7 Here’s what else to consider

Computer Engineering

给文章评分

感谢您的反馈

查看其他技能