What are the best practices for installing sensors in concrete structures?

1 Sensor selection

When installing sensors in concrete structures, the first step is to choose the right type and number of sensors for your project. You should consider the purpose, location, and environment of the sensors, as well as their compatibility, cost, and availability. Common types of sensors used in concrete structures are strain gauges, thermocouples, humidity sensors, and corrosion sensors. The number of sensors you need will depend on the size and complexity of the structure, as well as the level of detail and accuracy you want to achieve. It is important to follow relevant guidelines and standards for sensor spacing, layout, and orientation, such as ASTM E 1855 or ISO 18649.

2 Sensor installation

The second step in installing sensors in concrete structures is to prepare the sensors and the concrete for installation. You must follow the manufacturer's instructions and specifications for sensor calibration, protection, and wiring. Additionally, you must ensure that the concrete is clean, dry, and free of cracks or defects that may affect the sensor performance. When it comes to best practices for sensor installation, there are three methods: embedding sensors inside the concrete before it hardens, attaching sensors to the surface of the hardened concrete using adhesives or cement, and drilling holes in the hardened concrete and inserting the sensors into them. For each of these methods, it is important to make sure that the sensors are well aligned, secured, and covered by the concrete; that they do not interfere with the reinforcement or other elements; that they are pressed and cured; that they are sealed and connected; and that they are not exposed to moisture, dust, or chemicals. It is also essential to avoid damaging or displacing the sensors during concrete placement and compaction, as well as drilling too close to the reinforcement, cracks, or edges.