What are the best microphones for recording classical vocals?

2 Dynamic microphones

Dynamic microphones are less sensitive and have a narrower frequency response than condenser microphones, but they are more durable and resistant to feedback and interference. They are often used for live performances, especially for loud and energetic genres, such as rock or pop. However, for classical vocals, dynamic microphones may not be able to capture the subtlety and clarity of your voice, and they may sound dull and muffled. They also do not require a power source, which can be convenient for some situations.

3 Ribbon microphones

Ribbon microphones are a type of dynamic microphone that use a thin metal ribbon to generate an electrical signal. They have a warm and smooth sound, with a rich low-end and a smooth high-end. They are ideal for capturing the natural tone and expression of your voice, as well as the character and atmosphere of the room. However, ribbon microphones are also very delicate and expensive, and they have a low output level, which means you need a high-quality preamp to boost the signal. They also have a bidirectional polar pattern, which means they pick up sound from both the front and the back of the microphone.

4 Polar patterns

The polar pattern of a microphone is the shape of the area that it picks up sound from. There are different types of polar patterns, such as cardioid, omnidirectional, bidirectional, and supercardioid. Each polar pattern has its own advantages and disadvantages, depending on the source and the environment. For classical vocals, you may want to choose a polar pattern that suits your vocal style, your accompaniment, and your recording space.

5 Frequency response

The frequency response of a microphone is the range of frequencies that it can capture and reproduce. It is usually represented by a graph that shows how the microphone responds to different frequencies. For classical vocals, you may want to choose a microphone that has a flat or neutral frequency response, which means it does not boost or cut any frequencies. This way, you can record your voice with accuracy and fidelity, without altering its natural tone and timbre.

6 Sensitivity and dynamic range

The sensitivity of a microphone is the measure of how much electrical output it produces for a given sound pressure level. It is usually expressed in millivolts per pascal (mV/Pa) or decibels relative to 1 volt per pascal (dBV/Pa). The higher the sensitivity, the more output the microphone produces, and the less gain you need to apply. However, a high sensitivity also means a higher risk of distortion and noise. The dynamic range of a microphone is the difference between the loudest and the quietest sound that it can handle without distortion. It is usually expressed in decibels (dB). The higher the dynamic range, the more contrast and detail the microphone can capture, and the less compression you need to apply. However, a high dynamic range also means a higher risk of clipping and overload.

7 Microphone placement

The placement of the microphone is another crucial factor that affects the sound quality of your recording. The distance, the angle, and the height of the microphone can change the balance, the tone, and the ambience of your voice. For classical vocals, you may want to experiment with different microphone placements, depending on your vocal range, your projection, and your desired effect. Generally, you should avoid placing the microphone too close to your mouth, as this can cause unwanted noises, such as pops, sibilance, and breath sounds. You should also avoid placing the microphone too far from your mouth, as this can reduce the clarity and presence of your voice, and increase the background noise and reverberation. A good starting point is to place the microphone about 30 cm (12 inches) away from your mouth, at a slightly off-axis angle, and at the same level as your mouth or slightly above it.