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How do you safeguard incident data?

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Incident data is the information that you collect and analyze during and after a security incident. It can include logs, network traffic, forensic images, malware samples, user activity, and more. Safeguarding incident data is crucial for ensuring the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of your evidence and analysis. It can also help you comply with legal and regulatory requirements, protect your reputation, and prevent further damage. In this article, you will learn some best practices for safeguarding incident data in the context of incident response frameworks.

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Identify and classify effectively:

Start by determining the types of incident data you need to collect and label them based on sensitivity. This helps ensure each data type receives the proper protection and retention protocols.### *Secure and isolate intentionally:Store incident data in a secure, separate location with encryption both at rest and in transit. Limit access strictly to those involved in the investigation, ensuring robust authentication methods are in place.

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1 Identify and classify incident data

The first step to safeguarding incident data is to identify and classify what data you need to collect and preserve. Depending on the nature and scope of the incident, you may need to gather data from different sources, such as endpoints, servers, cloud services, network devices, or third parties. You should also classify the data according to its sensitivity, relevance, and retention period. For example, you may need to label data as confidential, restricted, or public, and assign different levels of protection and access control. You should also follow a consistent naming convention and document the data sources, collection methods, and timestamps.

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2 Secure and isolate incident data

The second step to safeguarding incident data is to secure and isolate it from unauthorized or malicious access or modification. You should store the data in a separate and secure location, such as a dedicated server, a removable drive, or a cloud storage service. You should also encrypt the data at rest and in transit, and use strong authentication and authorization mechanisms. You should also limit the access to the data to only those who need it for the investigation, and monitor and audit the data usage and activity. You should also avoid copying or moving the data unnecessarily, and use hash values or digital signatures to verify the data integrity.

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Luke H.

IT Administrator | Security+, Network+, Linux+, A+
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To further clarify, once the incident data is copied a hash value of the data should be created and documented. I create a file containing the hash value alongside the data and set both to read-only for added peace of mind. It is unwise to allow more copies of the data to exist than necessary. One USB drive and a copy on cloud storage is reasonable.

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3 Analyze and report incident data

The third step to safeguarding incident data is to analyze and report it in a timely and accurate manner. You should use appropriate tools and techniques to examine the data and extract relevant information and insights. You should also follow a standard methodology and framework, such as the NIST SP 800-61 or the SANS Incident Response Process, to guide your analysis and reporting. You should also document your findings, actions, and recommendations in a clear and concise report, and share it with the relevant stakeholders, such as management, legal, or external parties. You should also protect the report from unauthorized or malicious disclosure or alteration.

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4 Review and dispose incident data

The final step to safeguarding incident data is to review and dispose it according to your policies and regulations. You should evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of your data collection, preservation, analysis, and reporting processes, and identify any gaps or areas for improvement. You should also update your policies, procedures, and tools based on the lessons learned and best practices. You should also dispose the data securely and appropriately, depending on its classification, retention period, and legal obligations. You should also ensure that you erase or destroy the data completely and irreversibly, and document the disposal process and outcome.

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Kavya Pearlman ?? Safety First ??

Mom | Founder & CEO - XRSI | OECD | INTERPOL | WEF | XRSI-Europe | The MedXRSI | 40 under 40 SFBT | Researcher | Innovator | Thought Leader | The Cyber Guardian-Helping Safeguard The Emerging Tech Ecosystem for NextGen
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Write a post incident report ( PIR): In the "Post Incident Report (PIR)" subsection, it is crucial to prioritize learning over assigning blame. The PIR should focus on collecting relevant logs and extracting valuable lessons to prevent the incident from recurring. Blaming individuals for the incident should be avoided to encourage collaboration and problem-solving. The PIR serves as a significant point-in-time record, especially if the incident escalates and requires public disclosure. By maintaining a detailed report, organizations can demonstrate transparency and accountability to stakeholders. The primary objective of the PIR is to understand the root causes of the incident and implement necessary preventive measures and trust.

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5 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How do you safeguard incident data?

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3

4

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1 Identify and classify incident data

2 Secure and isolate incident data

3 Analyze and report incident data

4 Review and dispose incident data

5 Here’s what else to consider

Incident Response

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