How do you prevent repeating yourself in a literature review?

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A literature review is a critical analysis of existing research on a topic, not just a summary of sources. It requires you to synthesize and evaluate the relevant information and identify the gaps and contributions of the literature. However, one of the common challenges of writing a literature review is avoiding repetition. Repeating yourself can make your review seem redundant, disorganized, and unoriginal. How do you prevent repeating yourself in a literature review? Here are some strategies to help you write a coherent and concise literature review without repeating yourself.

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Plan your review:

Before diving into your literature review, sketch out a roadmap. Organize thoughts by themes or methods to create a natural flow that prevents redundancies.
Summarize wisely:

Keep your writing crisp and fresh by paraphrasing and summarizing. It sharpens your points and avoids the echo effect of repeating the same information.

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Warren Urquhart

Governance Counsel - Toronto Hydro…
Ethel Rose Thomas

Research Intern at KFRI | M.Sc…

1 Plan your structure

Before you start writing your literature review, you need to have a clear idea of how you will organize your sources and arguments. A literature review usually follows a logical structure that reflects the purpose and scope of your research question. For example, you may group your sources by themes, methods, perspectives, chronology, or gaps. You can use an outline, a table, or a concept map to plan your structure and show the connections and relationships between your sources. This will help you avoid repeating the same points or information in different sections of your review.

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Warren Urquhart

Governance Counsel - Toronto Hydro, CIPP/C
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Outline, outline, outline. Especially in a literature review, it's easy to get lost in a sea of tabs. An outline will keep you disciplined (even if you have to add and take away from it).

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2 Paraphrase and summarize

When you write your literature review, you need to use your own words to express the ideas and findings of your sources. Paraphrasing and summarizing are essential skills to avoid plagiarism and repetition. Paraphrasing means rewriting a passage from a source in your own words, while keeping the original meaning and tone. Summarizing means condensing a passage from a source into a shorter version, while highlighting the main points and omitting the details. You should always cite your sources when you paraphrase or summarize them, and use quotation marks when you use exact words from a source.

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Ethel Rose Thomas

Research Intern at KFRI | M.Sc. Economics | TERI School of Advanced Studies, Delhi | Pistol Shooter | Vocalist |
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While writing your literature review, try to summarize and paraphrase instead of using repetitions. Write in your own words and keep them very precise and concise without missing out on the key points.

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3 Use transition words and phrases

Transition words and phrases are words that help you link your sentences and paragraphs together and show the logical flow of your literature review. They can also help you avoid repetition by signaling the purpose, direction, and relationship of your arguments. For example, you can use transition words and phrases to introduce a new topic, compare and contrast different sources, show cause and effect, indicate a sequence, or emphasize a point. Some common transition words and phrases are: however, in contrast, therefore, for instance, similarly, as a result, first, second, finally, in other words, etc.

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Warren Urquhart

Governance Counsel - Toronto Hydro, CIPP/C
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Academic writing can be so dry - the better you are at using transitional words and phrases, the easier you make it on the reader.

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4 Synthesize and evaluate

A literature review is not just a description of what others have said or done on your topic. It is also an analysis of how the literature relates to your research question and contributes to your field of study. Therefore, you need to synthesize and evaluate the sources you use in your literature review. Synthesizing means combining the information and ideas from different sources and showing how they support or challenge your argument. Evaluating means assessing the strengths, weaknesses, limitations, and implications of the sources and showing how they inform your research gap. By synthesizing and evaluating the literature, you can avoid repeating yourself and demonstrate your critical thinking and originality.

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5 Revise and edit

The final step to prevent repeating yourself in a literature review is to revise and edit your draft. Revising means checking the content, structure, and coherence of your literature review and making sure it addresses your research question and purpose. Editing means checking the grammar, spelling, punctuation, and style of your literature review and making sure it follows the academic conventions and standards of your discipline. You can use tools such as Grammarly, Hemingway, or ProWritingAid to help you with editing, but you should also proofread your literature review carefully and ask for feedback from your peers, supervisors, or tutors. Revising and editing can help you identify and eliminate any unnecessary or redundant information, words, or sentences in your literature review and improve its clarity and quality.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Warren Urquhart

Governance Counsel - Toronto Hydro, CIPP/C
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For an academic article you're writing in your free time, stay disciplined. When there's no due date from your boss or professor, it's easy to take it a bit too easy. Staying faithful to a schedule is your key to success.

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How do you prevent repeating yourself in a literature review?

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4

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1 Plan your structure

2 Paraphrase and summarize

3 Use transition words and phrases

4 Synthesize and evaluate

5 Revise and edit

6 Here’s what else to consider

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