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How do you manage interactions between software components?

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Software components are reusable units of code that provide specific functionality and can be combined to create complex applications. However, managing the interactions between software components can be challenging, especially when they come from different sources, have different interfaces, and depend on each other. In this article, you will learn some basic principles and techniques to manage interactions between software components effectively and efficiently.

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Damir Lisak

Unternehmer, CEO, gipsoft d.o.o.

1 Why is it important?

Managing interactions between software components is important for several reasons. First, it affects the quality and performance of your software system, as poorly managed interactions can lead to errors, bugs, conflicts, and inefficiencies. Second, it affects the maintainability and scalability of your software system, as well-managed interactions can make your code easier to understand, modify, and extend. Third, it affects the reusability and portability of your software components, as well-managed interactions can make your code more modular, independent, and adaptable.

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2 What are the challenges?

When managing interactions between software components, you may face several common challenges, such as ensuring compatibility, enabling communication, coordinating components, and configuring them. Compatibility means making sure that the components can work together regardless of their origin, language, platform, or version. Communication requires exchanging data and messages without errors, delays, or overheads. Coordination involves synchronizing and orchestrating components without creating dependencies, bottlenecks, or deadlocks. Configuration means customizing and adapting components without compromising their functionality, security, or reliability.

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Damir Lisak

Unternehmer, CEO, gipsoft d.o.o.
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The interaction to the user has to be managed as well. Each software component itself should offer several ways of presenting itself. The context of the usage may also have to be taken into account. The presentation itself should also be able to be broken down into smaller parts and be inherited and overwritten in an object-oriented to increase reusability and simplify the entire customizing. The presentation must consider that components run local or distributed in the network. Remote components should therefore also be diagnosable via GUI according to their state in memory. Re-Instantiation is a great challenge, because references from/to objects and asynchronous requests must be temporarily removed and reallocated.

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3 What are the principles?

To overcome these challenges when designing and implementing software component interactions, you should consider the principles of abstraction, encapsulation, standardization, decoupling, and reusability. Abstraction hides the complexity of your components behind simple and consistent interfaces. Encapsulation ensures that components can be modified without affecting other components. Standardization allows for interoperability and compatibility. Decoupling minimizes coupling and dependencies between components, while reusability maximizes the portability of components so they can be used in different contexts.

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Damir Lisak

Unternehmer, CEO, gipsoft d.o.o.
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Decoupling has more faces: From memory-side restarting instances during runtime is only possible with smart pointers that helps garbage-collectors to remove all references and reestablish all previous dependencies to active components. Properties, Events and async Methods must partially implemented based on this smart pointer principle. Signatures of Events and Methods should be built more as dynamic collections with descriptive parameters to solve version- and compilation issues. Therefore the implementation of the Methods reading passed parameters must be more flexible. Intelligent lock hierarchies with deadlock resolution during runtime are necessary because callstacks can be deep over many components and remote invocations.

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4 What are the techniques?

In order to manage interactions between software components more effectively and efficiently, you can apply specific techniques based on principles. Design patterns provide reusable solutions to common problems and scenarios in software component interactions, such as the adapter pattern, the facade pattern, the mediator pattern, or the observer pattern. Middleware can simplify communication and coordination between software components, such as message brokers, service buses, or remote procedure calls. Frameworks provide predefined and standardized functionality and structure for your software component interactions, such as the Model-View-Controller framework, the Service-Oriented Architecture framework, or the Microservices framework. Testing methods or tools can verify and validate the quality and performance of your software component interactions, such as unit testing, integration testing, or end-to-end testing.

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Damir Lisak

Unternehmer, CEO, gipsoft d.o.o.
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If Components should include the presentation in object-oriented sense, then MVC is an inappropriate technique. Only via MVVM is it possible to decouple Presentation from the model. In this case the Bindings between View, ViewModel and the Model (Components) must be realized more fexible when components are distributed over the network. A proxy design pattern therefore is unavoidable. In my opinion, a middleware complicates the network based communication. Therefore the components itself should have the communication onboard and the developer should not be burdened with it in any way.

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5 What are the benefits?

By applying principles and techniques, you can improve your software system and development process. Quality and performance are enhanced by reducing errors, bugs, conflicts, and inefficiencies, as well as increasing accuracy, reliability, and speed. Additionally, maintainability and scalability are improved by making code easier to understand, modify, and extend. Reusability and portability are increased by making code more modular, independent, and adaptable. Finally, innovation and creativity can be leveraged by using existing software components to focus on new features and functionality.

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Damir Lisak

Unternehmer, CEO, gipsoft d.o.o.
(已编辑)
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If a unified level of orchestration is added, where not only the components themselves but also the relationships between the instances (properties, events, method calls, persistence, ...) can be described, then the goal of a low-code or no-code development environment much closer. Then more complex systems can be created independently by laypeople. End customers are then less dependent on experts.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Damir Lisak

Unternehmer, CEO, gipsoft d.o.o.
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The orchestration of software components should be multi-user capable so that many different users can work together on a project. Abstraction of IT and OT: The programming should be more standardized so that the difference between database- and physical oriented programming becomes as small as possible. Deployment: A transport between productive and test systems should be standardized. All processes in which new or changed configurations/components have taken place should be tested on test systems in a simulation mode. In addition, it would also be conceivable for simulation runs to run on production systems if the software components could be put into a parallel test mode, similar to the snapshot concept of virtualized environments.

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How do you manage interactions between software components?

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6

1 Why is it important?

2 What are the challenges?

3 What are the principles?

4 What are the techniques?

5 What are the benefits?

6 Here’s what else to consider

System Development

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How do you manage interactions between software components?

1

2

3

4

5

6

1 Why is it important?

2 What are the challenges?

3 What are the principles?

4 What are the techniques?

5 What are the benefits?

6 Here’s what else to consider

System Development

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