How do you evaluate reservoir development projects?

El estudio comienza con los recursos tecnicamente recuperables de los totales existentes en el yacimiento POES, a partir de allí se pueden definir los objetivos. Las restricciones iniciales de este tipo de proyectos son los marcos reglamentarios y de leyes por las que se rigen estas reservas, por ejemplo el tiempo de la licencia otorgada a la empresa operadora. Posterior a la definición del marco del proyecto, se comienza con las definiciones de los objetivos técnicos de la exploración, explotación y abandono del reservorio, todo a través de la definión de los límites económicos del proyecto. El fin último es obtener el mayor NP (reservas recuperadas). En los tiempos actuales, se incluyen objetivos ambientales como emisiones cero.

This is correct on assuming either one of all of the following are true: 1. The geology of the area is understood and processed seismic data is available. 2. It is already a discovered field. Otherwise, an understanding of geology (history and migration) combined with processed and interpreted of seismic data leading to quantification of prospective resources would be the first step to know whether reservoir development is possible.

Evaluating reservoir development projects involves assessing various technical, economic, and environmental factors. Each project and asset is unique, however, the summarized workflow consists of following factors: - Reservoir Characterization (Data collection, Reservoir Modeling & Flow Simulation) - Technical Feasibility (Engineering Studies, Risk Analysis) - Economic Analysis (Cost Estimation, Revenue Projections, NPV Analysis) - Regulatory Compliance (EIA, Permitting) - Project Management (Cross-functional Collaboration, Scope, Budget, Schedule, Stakeholder communication) - Monitoring & Evaluation (Performance Monitoring, Post-Implementation Evaluation)

Muy interesante , los planes de explotación y las evaluaciones de los yacimientos deben ser visualizadas a corto , mediano y largo plazo . Ya que se debe garantizar el mayor aprovechamiento de los activos que se lograrán desarrollar , los planes deben tener una visión ambiciosa incluyendo esquemas de explotación con EOR, con un perfil de economía circular y con un plan o ruta de descarbonizacion en el proceso . Todo esto relacionado con el potencial de cada yacimiento

En ocasiones se requiere planificar el procedimiento de la caracterización de las propiedades del yacimiento y de los fluidos presentes en él, ya que muchos proyectos alrededor del mundo constan de campos maduros abandonados y que poseen reservas aprovechables con la tecnología actual. En estos casos, se requiere analizar datos antiguos y en muchos casos de baja calidad, por lo que ser minucioso es vital, y a partir de la información existente programar una serie de pruebas y registros que mejoraran la calidad de la información y así poder evaluar correctamente los yacimientos presentes en el campo.

Understanding the reservoir fluid properties and composition is essential. These has impact in the design and field development: - Drilling and facilities: amount of impurities like CO2, H2S have impact in well design, pipeline - if the hydrocarbon produce CO2 need to consider strategies like carbon sequestration or CO2 injection for for EOR - For secondary recovery (water injection) is important to know water composition

In my opinion, the uncertainty ranges can be sufficiently defined at this stage to be later included in the modelling part of the reservoir development. This can then assist in generating probabilistic profiles of the reservoir performance.

Es un análisis de yacimiento esta fase es muy importante, ya que se necesita tener un análisis detallado del sistema roca y fluido . Identificar todas las variables importantes del modelo geológico e integrarlo con el modelo dinámica en un caracterización dinámica que te permitirá identificar las mejores áreas y a su vez tener un cálculo del petróleo en sitio con un grado de certeza aceptable que te permitirá realizar un plan de explotación adecuado a tu tipo de formación

HSE and PESTLE risk assessment are also critical when formulating a development strategy. Additionally, carbon emission should be quantified and measures in place to reduce carbon emissions during the execution of the project.

One of the challenge in the field development plan is to achieve in terms of reservoir management and hydrocarbon recovery the maximization of return on financial investments. With reservoir simulation field development plan can be optimize considering high number of decision variables and some subsurfaces uncertainties (drilling schedule; well location, type and geometry; well length and orientation in space; secondary recovery, among other variables) with a focus on increasing the net-present value over a project life-cycle.

Excelente artículo , importante es realizar una caracterización de la roca y los fluidos , seguido por un caracterización dinámica del yacimiento . Al tener certeza de los volúmenes presente en el yacimiento , se calcula las reservas por desarrollar . Luego se realiza el plan de explotación, es muy importante que este plan de explotación sea a largo plazo , y dise?ar una completacion de los pozos y perforación con un plan a largo plazo y evaluar las tecnologías de EOR que puedan ser aplicadas después del flujo natural . Planifiquen todo a largo plazo

Comprehensive data analysis, fluid characterisation, reserve assessment, and economic evaluation are all necessary when choosing a reservoir development plan. We have to look after following aspects (1) Reservoir Characterization, (2) Estimate Reserves and recovery, (3) Economic viability, (4) Development strategy (for eg : primary or secondary , where primary includes depletion drive or artificial lift and secondary reffer to EOR technics),(5) Well planning, (6) Production planning optimization, (7) Environmental Regulations and last (8) Decision making (Technically and economically feasibility).

Assessing the optimal placement and timing for injection wells is crucial for supporting primary production. This involves geological studies to determine the most effective locations for these wells.Evaluate the types of injection—water, gas, or chemical—and decide which is most suitable based on the reservoir characteristics and environmental considerations. Understand the regulatory framework that governs the production limits. This may include caps on daily or annual production to adhere to environmental or economic policies. Develop a strategy to optimize production within these constraints, perhaps by prioritizing high-yield wells or adjusting production schedules.

As a part of development evaluation, uncertainties and risk assessment along with economic evaluation are integral parts of the workflow.

Is important to have a good integration between the subsurface (analytical or simulation models) with the surface models (GAP, pipesim, etc) reproduce and forecast production, pressure lossess, optimization, etc

Dont forget to create variable of Low, Mostlikely and High cases...the technical decision tree and commercial decision tree must be align back to back. Finally, most of the calculations made using some technical assumptions, hence any backup plans must be address upfront during risk assessment.

Carbon emission forecast throughout the life cycle of the project should go hand in hand with hydrocarbon production forecast.

Regular review of the project KPIs & performance is the key to successful projects. Project should have already anticipated the uncertainties that may arise and the performance should lie within the uncertainty envelope predicted at modelling stage.

Una de las fases más importante es la supervision , monitoreo de todas las variables y el seguimiento operacional y la acumulación de datos estadísticos , que nos ayudarán a tomar las mejores decisiones en tiempo real , a su vez nos ayudarán a optimizar los procesos , revisando las fortalezas y debilidades y solo se podrá corregir o reforzar si llevamos una medición continua de los indicadores claves de cada actividad

There is a trend in all new projects developed by large operators to include in their projections environmental impacts and carbon emissions estimations, in order to develop projects more ecofriendly. It is very posible this trend will be followed by all companies (both small and large), and the new standard will be implement projects that minimized environmental impacts.

In addition to what have been mentioned, there are an important consideration have been missed out, the P&A should be considered since the beginning according to PRMS guidelines. this is an additional cost will be added at the end of the project and it will be a negative cash flow and have to be paid by the operator to comply with HSE regulations. P&A includes plugging of producers wells in a safe manner to ensure there is no unrolled flow of formation fluids as well as the decommissioning of FSF and processing facilities.

En los proyectos de yacimiento es muy importante la captura de información , la medición en tiempo real de las variables de producción o de los diversos puntos claves y parámetros que están relacionados con los métodos de producción o tecnologías . Lograr mediciones confiables, ayudarán a tomar las decisiones correctas y a optimizar los procesos