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Last updated on 2024年6月5日

How do you determine the most appropriate research methodology for your study?

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Choosing the right research methodology is crucial to the success of your study. It's the blueprint guiding how you collect, analyze, and interpret data. Your research question, objectives, and the nature of the subject matter are fundamental factors in this decision-making process. But it's not just about what you want to find out; it's also about the practical considerations, such as available resources, ethical implications, and the intended audience for your research findings. Balancing these elements can be complex, but with a strategic approach, you can select a methodology that provides reliable and valid results.

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1 Research Goals

Your research goals are the compass that directs your methodology. If your aim is to explore new areas where little information exists, qualitative methods like interviews or ethnography can be invaluable. On the other hand, if you need to measure or predict relationships between variables, quantitative methods such as surveys or experiments might be more appropriate. It's essential to align your goals with a methodology that can best answer your research questions and meet your objectives.

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Mercy Kibathi

Biomedical Researcher | Infectious Diseases Research | Medical Diagnosis| Public Health Policy |
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Every research, irrespective of its type (qualitative, quantitative, or mixed), has a different purpose and approach that helps in solving its question. Thus, the key factor for deciding which research methodology to adopt depends on the nature of your research aims, objectives, and research questions. The methodology should be able to address reaseach questions and meet the aims of your research.

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2 Literature Review

A thorough literature review often reveals what methodologies have been used in past research on your topic. This insight can guide you towards a methodology that has been proven effective or highlight opportunities to innovate with a different approach. Sometimes, replicating a study with a different method can provide fresh insights or strengthen the validity of existing findings.

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3 Resources Available

The resources at your disposal can significantly shape your research methodology. Time, funding, and equipment are all critical factors. For instance, longitudinal studies can provide comprehensive data over time but require a significant investment. In contrast, a cross-sectional study might be more feasible but could offer less depth. It's crucial to realistically assess what resources you have and how they align with your research needs.

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4 Ethical Considerations

Ethics cannot be an afterthought in research methodology. Certain methods may raise ethical concerns that need to be addressed before beginning your study. For example, working with vulnerable populations or sensitive topics demands a methodology that ensures participants' safety and confidentiality. Ethical review boards can provide guidance on how to navigate these considerations.

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Nick Schofield FRSN

Founder & Director at Global Future Research
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One of the biggest challenges today is covert research which is undertaken outside ethical scrutiny- examples being AI research by big tech and defence research which is top secret. These areas that avoid ethical scrutiny are amongst the greatest existential threats to the human species.

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5 Data Analysis

Consideration of how you'll analyze data is pivotal when choosing your methodology. Qualitative data requires coding and thematic analysis, which can be time-consuming but rich in narrative detail. Conversely, quantitative data relies on statistical analysis, offering clear, numerical insights. Your comfort level with different analysis techniques should also inform your choice of methodology.

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Nick Schofield FRSN

Founder & Director at Global Future Research
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Of course it’s not just data analysis that’s important. Data acquisition is usually the starting point and is not simple- the what, how, where and when and how often of data collection is dependent on the research questions being tested. There is also the choice of measurement techniques to be determined. Data quality is critical too. All too often ‘research data’ is considered a special category and fundamental data is not made available for others to explore.

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6 Audience Expectations

Lastly, the audience for whom the research is intended can influence your choice of methodology. Academics might expect a certain level of rigor, such as randomized control trials for medical research. In contrast, industry professionals might prefer case studies that provide actionable insights. Understanding who will consume your research helps tailor the methodology to their expectations and standards.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Nick Schofield FRSN

Founder & Director at Global Future Research
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Research can broadly be categorised as theoretical or applied/experimental. The approaches in either case can be quite different. That said, applied or experimental research is sometimes embedded in a theoretical understanding that provides a framework for experimental design, or sets out to test theoretical predictions.

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How do you determine the most appropriate research methodology for your study?

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1 Research Goals

2 Literature Review

3 Resources Available

4 Ethical Considerations

5 Data Analysis

6 Audience Expectations

7 Here’s what else to consider

Research Management

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