The first step to design your operators is to identify the search engine or platform you are using, and to consult its documentation or help page for the available operators and their syntax. For example, Google supports the AND, OR, and NOT operators, but uses the symbols +, |, and -, respectively, instead of the words. Google also supports the AROUND(n) operator, which is similar to the NEAR or W/n operators in other search engines. On the other hand, Bing supports the AND, OR, and NOT operators, but uses the words instead of the symbols. Bing also supports the NEAR and ADJ operators, which are similar to the AROUND and W/n operators in Google.
The second step to design your operators is to formulate your search query using the appropriate operators and keywords or phrases. You should use parentheses to group terms that belong together, and to indicate the order of precedence for the operators. You should also use quotation marks to enclose exact phrases or words that you want to match. For example, if you want to find documents that contain the phrase "climate change" and either "mitigation" or "adaptation", but not "denial", you could use the following query in Google: +"climate change" +(mitigation | adaptation) -denial. In Bing, you could use the following query: AND("climate change", OR(mitigation, adaptation), NOT(denial)).