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How do you design e-learning courses that reduce cognitive load for employees?

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Cognitive load is the amount of mental effort required to process information. When designing e-learning courses for employees, you want to avoid overloading their cognitive capacity and impairing their learning outcomes. In this article, you will learn how to apply some principles of cognitive load theory to create effective and engaging e-learning courses.

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1 What is cognitive load theory?

Cognitive load theory is a framework that explains how the human brain processes and stores information. It distinguishes between three types of cognitive load: intrinsic, extraneous, and germane. Intrinsic load is the inherent difficulty of the content, extraneous load is the unnecessary distraction caused by the presentation or design of the material, and germane load is the beneficial effort that leads to deeper learning and schema formation.

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2 How to reduce intrinsic load?

Intrinsic load depends on the complexity and familiarity of the content. You can reduce intrinsic load by breaking down complex topics into smaller chunks, using simple and clear language, providing examples and analogies, and activating prior knowledge. You can also adjust the level of difficulty according to the learners' prior knowledge and skills, and provide feedback and guidance along the way.

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Gerald Huntington

Team Leader at Prolawn, Inc
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I like this method. But how do you make it more individual style since too simple for all will discourage some from wanting to learn. Too complex and the same result will emerge.

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3 How to reduce extraneous load?

Extraneous load depends on the quality and efficiency of the instructional design. You can reduce extraneous load by eliminating irrelevant or redundant information, using multimedia and visual aids appropriately, avoiding cognitive conflicts and contradictions, and aligning the learning objectives and assessments. You can also use techniques such as signaling, segmentation, and pre-training to help learners focus on the essential information and avoid cognitive overload.

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Gerald Huntington

Team Leader at Prolawn, Inc
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I like this, very informative and a good way to help people lean what they need to and ignore the junk that is in some of the material

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4 How to increase germane load?

Germane load depends on the degree of active learning and cognitive engagement. You can increase germane load by designing activities and tasks that require learners to apply, analyze, synthesize, and evaluate the information, and to integrate it with their existing knowledge and experience. You can also use strategies such as scaffolding, worked examples, and self-explanation to support learners' cognitive processing and schema construction.

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5 How to balance cognitive load?

Balancing cognitive load is not a one-size-fits-all approach. It depends on the characteristics of the learners, the content, and the context. You need to consider the learners' prior knowledge, motivation, and preferences, the content's complexity, structure, and relevance, and the context's goals, expectations, and constraints. You also need to monitor and evaluate the learners' cognitive load and learning outcomes, and adjust the design accordingly.

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Kelly B.

?? Fractional DEI & Culture Strategist | AI & Workforce Transformation Expert | Speaker & Advisor | Helping Organizations Future-Proof Their HR & Leadership Strategies
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To balance cognitive load, it's essential to minimize extraneous load and maximize germane load. This can be achieved by providing clear and concise instructions, using relevant examples, breaking down complex information into manageable chunks, and allowing for sufficient practice and feedback. It's also important to consider the learning environment, such as reducing distractions, providing adequate lighting, and adjusting the pacing of the instruction. Overall, balancing cognitive load requires careful consideration of multiple factors and ongoing evaluation and adjustment of the learning experience.

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6 How to measure cognitive load?

Measuring cognitive load can be challenging, as it is a subjective and dynamic phenomenon. However, there are some methods and tools that can help you assess the learners' cognitive load and its impact on their learning. Some of these methods include self-report scales, physiological measures, behavioral indicators, and performance measures. You can use these methods individually or in combination, depending on the purpose and feasibility of your evaluation.

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Gerald Huntington

Team Leader at Prolawn, Inc
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This measure needs to be done as a pretest also. If you can measure what the person already know then the testing can be tailor-made for the person.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Christopher Lind

Bridging Business, Technology & Human Experience | Executive Advisor | AI Ethicist | Business Transformation | Devoted Husband and Father of 8
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Overall, I think this article may be over complicating a legitimate issue. At the end of the day, we need to break things down and connect the dots between what we’re asking people to do and what they need to know or have access to accomplish it. We also can dramatically reduce the burden we put on people by caring more about their ability to complete the desired outcome than whether they completed all the activities in our architected plan. Everyone is at a different level and has different needs. Design for all the things people may need, recommend the ones you think they’ll find most helpful, but ultimately give them autonomy to choose.

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How do you design e-learning courses that reduce cognitive load for employees?

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1 What is cognitive load theory?

2 How to reduce intrinsic load?

3 How to reduce extraneous load?

4 How to increase germane load?

5 How to balance cognitive load?

6 How to measure cognitive load?

7 Here’s what else to consider

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