How do you deal with knowledge gaps and skill differences in pair programming for code review?

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Pair programming is a popular agile software development technique that involves two developers working together on the same code at the same time. One developer, called the driver, writes the code, while the other, called the navigator, reviews it and provides feedback. Pair programming can improve code quality, productivity, and knowledge sharing, but it also poses some challenges, especially when there are knowledge gaps and skill differences between the pair. How do you deal with these issues and ensure a smooth and effective code review process? Here are some tips to help you out.

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Sindhu Sujith

Scrum Master @Cigna Healthcare International Health| Certified SAFe? 6 Scrum Master
Ed Putans

???? London & Vilnius ???? Learned. Built. Taught. ????

1 Choose the right partner

The first step is to choose a partner who is compatible with you and your project. Ideally, you want someone who has a similar level of experience, interest, and availability as you, and who can communicate well with you. You also want someone who can complement your strengths and weaknesses, and who can offer a different perspective or approach. Avoid pairing with someone who is too dominant, passive, or critical, as this can create conflict or frustration.

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Sindhu Sujith

Scrum Master @Cigna Healthcare International Health| Certified SAFe? 6 Scrum Master
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Dealing with knowledge gaps and skill differences in pair programming, especially during code reviews, requires an approach that fosters learning, collaboration, and mutual respect.Ideally, you want someone who has a similar level of experience, interest, and availability as you, and who can communicate well with you.Pairing a senior developer with a junior one allows for effective knowledge transfer. The senior can explain complex concepts, patterns, or best practices, while the junior can learn hands-on.By fostering a collaborative and supportive environment, utilizing mentorship opportunities, and encouraging knowledge sharing, you can effectively deal with skill differences and knowledge gaps in pair programming and code reviews.

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Ed Putans

???? London & Vilnius ???? Learned. Built. Taught. ????
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Staying inside the comfort zone when pairing is probably the best way to ensure you don't grow as neither a person, nor a developer

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Nick Flor

Professor | Cognitive Scientist | Artificial Intelligence | Machine Learning | Exploratory Data Analytics | Distributed Cognition | Full Stack Developer | 3D Generalist | Pair Programming Pioneer | Guitar Hacker
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In industry you often don't have a choice with who you're paired with — it's the devs on your project. Get comfortable pairing with a diverse set of devs, which also means developing skills for navigating different personalities and work styles. Embrace each session with an open mind and a positive attitude. Don’t hesitate to articulate your thoughts and ideas. Remember, it’s perfectly okay to have differing viewpoints — diversity in thought can lead to innovative solutions! Good Luck!

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2 Set clear goals and expectations

Before you start coding, make sure you and your partner agree on the goals and expectations of the session. What are you trying to achieve? How long will you work together? How often will you switch roles? How will you handle disagreements or errors? How will you give and receive feedback? Having a clear and shared understanding of these aspects can help you avoid misunderstandings and confusion, and keep you focused and aligned.

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Nick Flor

Professor | Cognitive Scientist | Artificial Intelligence | Machine Learning | Exploratory Data Analytics | Distributed Cognition | Full Stack Developer | 3D Generalist | Pair Programming Pioneer | Guitar Hacker
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Ideally you don't do this, the senior devs on the team (or management) set the guidelines for the broad aspects of pair programming, e.g., how to give/receive feedback, or how to handle disagreements.

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3 Use a common style and standard

One of the benefits of pair programming is that it can improve code consistency and readability, but only if you and your partner follow a common style and standard. This means using the same naming conventions, indentation, comments, formatting, and tools. You can use a style guide, a linter, or a code formatter to help you with this. Having a common style and standard can also make it easier for you to review each other's code and spot errors or bugs.

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Ed Putans

???? London & Vilnius ???? Learned. Built. Taught. ????
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Having an assertive arsehole of a team lead will ensure everyone sticks to the standards no matter the situation. Pairing up is not necessary for that to be achieved

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4 Respect each other's opinions and skills

Pair programming is a collaborative and learning process, not a competition or a critique. You and your partner should respect each other's opinions and skills, and be open to feedback and suggestions. Don't assume that you know everything or that your partner knows nothing. Don't be afraid to ask questions or admit mistakes. Don't be defensive or offensive when giving or receiving feedback. Instead, be supportive, constructive, and curious, and try to learn from each other.

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Ed Putans

???? London & Vilnius ???? Learned. Built. Taught. ????
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Fully agree, one should also not forget the background of the other person, as everybody's career journey is different and their style may not match expectations of their partner

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5 Balance the workload and the roles

Pair programming can be exhausting and stressful if you or your partner do all the work or take all the control. You should balance the workload and the roles, and switch them regularly. This can prevent boredom, fatigue, or resentment, and allow you to experience both the driver and the navigator perspectives. You can use a timer, a checklist, or a signal to remind you when to switch roles. You can also take breaks, stretch, or chat to refresh your mind and body.

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6 Review the code and the process

At the end of the session, you and your partner should review the code and the process. You should check the code for errors, bugs, or improvements, and run some tests or tools to verify its functionality and quality. You should also reflect on the process and evaluate its effectiveness and efficiency. You should ask yourself and your partner questions like: What did we do well? What did we learn? What did we struggle with? What can we improve? How did we feel? Reviewing the code and the process can help you identify and fix issues, celebrate achievements, and learn from experience.

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How do you deal with knowledge gaps and skill differences in pair programming for code review?

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1 Choose the right partner

2 Set clear goals and expectations

3 Use a common style and standard

4 Respect each other's opinions and skills

5 Balance the workload and the roles

6 Review the code and the process

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