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How do you choose the right parts for a communication system?

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Choosing the right parts for a communication system is a crucial step in designing and building a reliable, efficient, and cost-effective solution. A communication system consists of a transmitter, a channel, and a receiver that enable the exchange of information between different locations. In this article, you will learn about some of the key factors and criteria that you should consider when selecting the components for each part of your communication system.

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1 Transmitter Parts

The transmitter is the part of the communication system that converts the information signal into a suitable form for transmission over the channel. It usually consists of a source, a modulator, an amplifier, and an antenna. The source generates the information signal, which can be analog or digital and may need encoding or compression. The modulator changes the frequency, amplitude, or phase of a carrier wave according to the information signal, creating a modulated signal. The amplifier boosts the power of the modulated signal to overcome channel losses and interference. The antenna radiates the amplified signal into the channel, which can be free space, a wire, or a fiber optic cable. When selecting transmitter parts, you should take into account the type and format of the information signal (e.g., voice, data, video, or image), its bandwidth and bit rate, the modulation scheme and technique (e.g., amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), phase modulation (PM), or digital modulation (DM)), as well as its power and efficiency. Additionally, you should consider the shape, size, and orientation of the antenna to determine its radiation pattern, gain, and polarization.

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John Le

Engineering Technician | Hardware Solutions
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Three other factors that ought to be considered are: Efficiency: Consider the efficiency of the transmitter. Look for transmitters that have high efficiency ratings, as this will help minimize power consumption and reduce operating costs. Cost: Evaluate the cost of the transmitter parts. Compare different options and choose the one that offers the best balance between cost and performance for your specific requirements. Reliability: Consider the reliability and durability of the transmitter parts. Look for reputable brands and products that have a proven track record of reliability.

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2 Channel Parts

The channel is the medium that carries the modulated signal from the transmitter to the receiver, and it can introduce noise, distortion, attenuation, and interference to the signal which degrades its quality and reliability. Multipath effects can also cause the signal to arrive at the receiver with different delays and phases, resulting in fading and inter-symbol interference. When choosing the channel parts, you should consider the type and characteristics of the channel (e.g. free space, wire, or fiber optic cable), as well as any noise or interference sources and levels (e.g. thermal noise, shot noise, impulse noise, crosstalk, jamming). Additionally, you should be aware of the channel capacity and bandwidth, as well as any channel coding and decoding techniques (such as error detection or correction) which can improve robustness and security.

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3 Receiver Parts

The receiver is an essential part of any communication system as it converts the received signal back into the original information signal. It typically consists of an antenna, amplifier, demodulator, and sink. The antenna captures the signal, while the amplifier increases its strength for processing. The demodulator reverses the modulation process and recovers the information signal from the carrier wave. The sink consumes the information signal, which can be analog or digital and require decoding or decompression. When selecting receiver parts, you should consider the type and format of the information signal, its bandwidth and bit rate, modulation scheme and technique, amplifier sensitivity and selectivity, as well as antenna shape, size, and orientation. All these factors affect the performance and complexity of the communication system.

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4 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Mohamed Bouakoura

Schneider Electric VFDs Specialist, Process Control and Optimisation, Electrical Engineer, Oil and Gas, Mining, Water treatment, Steel, Energy, HVAC, Cement, Industry 4.0
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Opting for components with an energy consumption adapted to the application. If low consumption is essential, we choose modules designed for energy efficiency.

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Doug Ellis

Realtor at JDK & Associates
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This is a good basic overview but there are many more things to consider when choosing a radio communications system… too many to list here. This article focused on the technical aspect but other things to consider are “soft” parts of the design, such as the need for interoperability with other agencies, the complexity of the radio and how much training is needed for non-radio people to operate it, etc. A radio system is only as good as how well it’s users are able to use it.

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How do you choose the right parts for a communication system?

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4

1 Transmitter Parts

2 Channel Parts

3 Receiver Parts

4 Here’s what else to consider

Electrical Engineering

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How do you choose the right parts for a communication system?

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1 Transmitter Parts

2 Channel Parts

3 Receiver Parts

4 Here’s what else to consider

Electrical Engineering

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