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How do you balance load during application deployment?

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Balancing load during application deployment is a crucial task for any developer who wants to ensure optimal performance, reliability, and scalability of their applications. Load balancing refers to distributing the workload across multiple servers or resources, so that no single point of failure or bottleneck occurs. In this article, you will learn some basic concepts and strategies for load balancing your applications, as well as some common tools and techniques to implement them.

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Vlad Khazin

Solving business problems of velocity, productivity and TCO with simpler architecture, robust data analytics…
Amaury Borges Souza

Information Security Cloud??, Expert | HashiCorp U.G. Lead??? | AWS Community Builder?? | Lifelong Learner??|…

1 Why load balance?

Load balancing offers several advantages for your applications, such as enhancing availability and fault tolerance. By spreading the load across multiple servers, you can prevent overloading or crashing a single server and provide redundancy in case of failures. Additionally, it can improve scalability and elasticity by adding or removing servers as needed. This allows you to adjust to the fluctuating demand and traffic of your applications, while avoiding wasting resources or underutilizing capacity. Furthermore, load balancing boosts performance and user experience by routing requests to the nearest or fastest server. This helps reduce latency and increase responsiveness, providing a reliable and satisfying service to your users.

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Amaury Borges Souza

Information Security Cloud??, Expert | HashiCorp U.G. Lead??? | AWS Community Builder?? | Lifelong Learner??| Cybersecurity certified?? | AWS/Azure certified?? | Tech Writer?? | DevSecOps Fanatic?? | Terraform certified
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O balanceamento de carga é uma prática comum para garantir que os recursos de um aplicativo sejam distribuídos eficientemente entre os servidores disponíveis. Existem várias abordagens para realizar o balanceamento de carga: Balanceamento de Carga por Hardware: Uso de dispositivos físicos, como appliances de balanceamento de carga, para distribuir o tráfego entre servidores. Esses dispositivos podem monitorar o desempenho dos servidores e rotear as solicita??es de maneira equitativa.

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2 How to load balance?

Load balancing is a method of distributing the workload among multiple servers, depending on the architecture and design of your applications. DNS load balancing, for example, uses the Domain Name System (DNS) to resolve the domain name of your application to different IP addresses, across different servers. Network load balancing uses a dedicated device or software (a load balancer) to distribute traffic among multiple servers in the same location. The load balancer can also use algorithms such as round robin, least connections, or weighted distribution to assign requests. Application load balancing operates at the application layer and understands the content and context of requests. It can use rules such as URL, HTTP headers, or cookies to route requests to appropriate servers. Additionally, it can perform SSL termination, compression, caching, and security functions.

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Vlad Khazin

Solving business problems of velocity, productivity and TCO with simpler architecture, robust data analytics, self-explanatory API's, and predictable deployment results.
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DNS resolution to different IP addresses is more suitable for geo-distribution and co-location of application across the globe. Traffic shaping would be more a more common approach to address new versions deployment and/or blue/green release practices. With the latter approach you can shape the traffic away from the group of instances/pods/versions being refreshed. Once the refresh is complete on the first group, the remaining, not refreshed group, can be deprived from traffic while being upgraded. Then the traffic can be re-shaped to target all new/refreshed instances/pods/versions.

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3 What tools to use?

When it comes to load balancing applications, there are many tools and platforms to choose from that cater to different needs and preferences. Nginx, for example, is an open source web server and reverse proxy that can also act as a load balancer. It can handle high concurrency and performance, and supports various load balancing methods and features. Additionally, it can be integrated with other web servers, such as Apache, or application frameworks, such as Node.js or Django. Alternatively, HAProxy is an open source software that provides high availability and load balancing for TCP and HTTP-based applications. It can handle millions of connections and requests per second, while also supporting advanced load balancing algorithms and options. It can even be used as a proxy server, a firewall, or a gateway. Lastly, AWS Elastic Load Balancing is a cloud-based service that automatically distributes the incoming traffic across multiple AWS resources like EC2 instances, containers, or Lambda functions. It offers three types of load balancers: Application Load Balancer, Network Load Balancer, and Classic Load Balancer - each with different features and capabilities - as well as integration with other AWS services such as Auto Scaling, CloudFormation, or CloudWatch.

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Vlad Khazin

Solving business problems of velocity, productivity and TCO with simpler architecture, robust data analytics, self-explanatory API's, and predictable deployment results.
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Application gateways, cloud or on premises, is the most robust approach. AWS Gateway GCP API Gateway Kubernetes Ingress Azure deployment slots Apigee I would stay away from in-the-source-code frameworks for a better separation of concerns.

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Amaury Borges Souza

Information Security Cloud??, Expert | HashiCorp U.G. Lead??? | AWS Community Builder?? | Lifelong Learner??| Cybersecurity certified?? | AWS/Azure certified?? | Tech Writer?? | DevSecOps Fanatic?? | Terraform certified
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A escolha das ferramentas para balanceamento de carga depende da infraestrutura específica do seu aplicativo, dos requisitos de desempenho e das preferências da equipe de opera??es.

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4 How to test and monitor?

Testing and monitoring your load balancing configuration and performance is essential for ensuring the quality and reliability of your applications. Load testing can help you identify the optimal number and size of servers, the best load balancing algorithm, and any potential bottlenecks or failures. Tools such as Apache JMeter, LoadRunner, or Gatling can be used for this purpose. Additionally, logging and analytics can be employed to collect and analyze data and metrics related to your load balancing activity and performance. This process can help troubleshoot and optimize your configuration, as well as provide insights for improvement. Splunk, ELK Stack, or Datadog are some of the tools you can use for logging and analytics.

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5 How to improve and optimize?

Improving and optimizing your load balancing strategy and performance is an ongoing and iterative process that requires constant evaluation and adaptation. To enhance your applications' trust and confidence, use HTTPS and SSL protocols. To reduce data transfer size and frequency, use caching and compression techniques. Additionally, you can leverage the distributed network of servers and devices to provide faster and more reliable delivery of content and services with CDN and edge computing technologies. Consider using Let's Encrypt or Certbot for SSL certificates, Varnish or Memcached for caching, Nginx or Apache for compression, Cloudflare, AWS CloudFront, or Azure CDN for CDN, and AWS Lambda@Edge, Cloudflare Workers, or Azure Functions for edge computing.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Adil A.
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Security is a paramount concern in load balancing, as load balancers can be a target for malicious activities. To secure load balancing: Encryption: Ensure that data is encrypted during transmission. Use SSL/TLS offloading or termination at the load balancer for efficient handling of secure traffic. DDoS Protection: Deploy load balancers capable of mitigating Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks. Regular Updates and Patches: Keep the load balancer and its software updated to protect against vulnerabilities. Access Control: Implement strict access controls and authentication mechanisms to restrict unauthorized access to load balancers. Monitoring and Logging: Continuously monitor traffic and maintain logs to respond to threats.

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How do you balance load during application deployment?

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1 Why load balance?

2 How to load balance?

3 What tools to use?

4 How to test and monitor?

5 How to improve and optimize?

6 Here’s what else to consider

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